Rugosity Maps

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Sciences Center
Publication_Date: 2007
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Description:
Abstract:
This is a rugosity map derived from lidar data collected for Biscayne National Park that was published in USGS OFR 2006-1118. High-density bathymetric data gathered from the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) can be used to estimate rugosity of reef environments at multiple spatial scales. Rugosity is a measure of topographic complexity that provides an index of potential shelter for marine organisms. It is used in marine ecological studies because to help describe the physical structure of the reef and often correlates with fish abundance and species richness. Traditionally, rugosity is measured manually by divers draping a chain along a transect and dividing the contoured distance by the linear distance. This is a tedious and imprecise process, so using a remote sensing method to measure rugosity at large spatial scales will be valuable in research and conservation planning. This approach allows for a consistent, quantitative approach to assess rugosity across great swaths of habitat, giving spatial coverage that would be impossible using traditional methods.
Purpose:
To derive a rugosity map from high-density lidar data to demonstrate a consistent, quantitative way to remotely measure the rugosity of shallow reef environments at large spatial scales.
Supplemental_Information:
This rugosity map is an experimental product derived from lidar data collected and processed in a USGS/NASA collaborative project aimed at using subaerial and submarine lidar to assess coastal change. Since this map is a derivative product, the product inherently contains the artifacts and errors of the lidar data it is derived from. The lidar data used for these rugosity maps are from flights over Biscayne National Park which constituted the first survey of a coral reef ecosystem using the NASA EAARL instrument. An acquisition artifact in these data, subtle NW/SE striation perpendicular to the flight line, is present in some of the 2x2-km data tiles. This artifact can also be seen in the resulting rugosity maps. Subsequent refinements in the acquisition and processing of the data have substantially reduced the presence of these artifacts in datasets derived from later surveys.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20010710,20010904,20020802
Ending_Date: 20010714,20010907,20020809
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword: rugosity
Theme_Keyword: topographic complexity
Theme_Keyword: LIDAR
Theme_Keyword: Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar
Theme_Keyword: EAARL
Theme_Keyword: coastal resource management
Place:
Place_Keyword: Biscayne National Park
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Coast
Place_Keyword: Florida
Place_Keyword: United States East Coast
Place_Keyword: Northern Florida Reef Tract
Place_Keyword: Coastal Florida
Access_Constraints:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both user and USGS interests. See section 6.3 Distribution Liability.
Use_Constraints:
Although the USGS is making these data available to others who may find the data of value, USGS does not warrant, endorse, or recommend the use of these data for any given purpose. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data. USGS is providing this dataset "as is", and USGS disclaims any and all warranties, whether expressed or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will USGS be liable to you or to any third party for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits resulting form any use or misuse of these data.

Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey Florida Integrated Science Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of these data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by USGS staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photo interpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.

Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Dr. John C. Brock
Contact_Organization: USGS - Florida Integrated Sciences Center
Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: Saint Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext3088
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2031
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbrock@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 9-5, EST
Data_Set_Credit: John C Brock, Amar Nayegandhi, Jeremy E Bracone
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Brock, J.C.; Wright, C.W.; Sallenger, A.H; Krabill, W.B., and Swift, R.N,Wright, C.W. and J. Brock,John Brock and Asbury Sallenger, US Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2003,2002,2001
Title:
Basis and Methods of NASA Airborne Topographic Mapper Lidar Surveys for Coastal Studies,EAARL: A lidar for mapping shallow coral reefs and other coastal environments,Airborne Topographic Lidar Mapping for Coastal Science and Resource Management
Edition: 20-22, May 2002
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article,proceedings article,USGS Open File Report
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:
West Palm Beach, FL; Miami, FL; St. Petersburg, FL,West Palm Beach, FL; Miami, FL; St. Petersburg, FL,West Palm Beach, FL; Miami, FL; St. Petersburg, FL
Publisher:
Journal of Coastal Research, Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, US Geological Survey,Journal of Coastal Research, Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, US Geological Survey,Journal of Coastal Research, Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, US Geological Survey
Data_Quality_Information:
Completeness_Report:
Several regions of the dataset are labeled as "No Data", which corresponds to a cell value of -100 in the GeoTIFF file. These "No Data" areas are a result of the lidar survey not covering a particular region, optical water depth of greater than 1.5 Secchi disc depths, or the manual removal of lidar processing artifacts.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Original raw elevation measurements from lidar have been determined to be within 1 meter horizontal accuracy. Processing steps (grid interpolation and rugosity analysis) may introduce additional error which has not been tested at the time of this publication.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The data are collected using a Cessna 310 aircraft. The NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) laser scanner collects the data using a green (532nm) raster scanning laser, while a digital camera acquires a visual record of the flight. The data are stored on hard drives and archived at the USGS office in St. Petersburg and the NASA office at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational data are processed at Wallops Flight Facility. The navigational and raw data are then downloaded into the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS). Data are converted from units of time to x,y,z points for elevation. The derived surface data can then be converted into raster data (GeoTIFFs).
Process_Date: 2002-2004
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Sciences Center
Contact_Person: Amar Nayegandhi
Contact_Position: Computer Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: Florida
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Hours_of_Service: 8:00am to 5:00pm Monday thru Friday, EST
Contact_Instructions: Call Survey for Details
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Elevation data were processed and analyzed to calculate rugosity using a 10x10 meter kernel size. Rugosity for a single point is calculated by taking the surface area of the derived surface for the analysis kernel area and dividing it by the flat planar area of the same kernel area (100 square meters). Rugosity tiles were then clipped and masked to match the corresponding published elevation tiles they derive from.
Process_Date: 2005-2006
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Sciences Center
Contact_Person: Dr. John C. Brock
Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: Florida
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Hours_of_Service: 8:00am to 5:00pm Monday thru Friday, EST
Contact_Instructions: Call Survey for Details
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 2000
Column_Count: 2000
Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 17
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
This rugosity map is a GeoTIFF derived from point data. It is raster data consisting of cells. Each cell has a rugosity value associated with it. Cell size is 1 meter by 1 meter.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
This rugosity map is a GeoTIFF derived from point data referenced to WGS84, NAD83 UTM easting and northings (m). It is raster data consisting of cells. Each cell has a rugosity value associated with it. Cell size is 1 meter by 1 meter.
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Jerry Butcher
Contact_Position: Windows System Administrator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street South
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Resource_Description: Biscayne National Park - 2003 Biological Community Surveys CD
Distribution_Liability:
The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: TIFF
Transfer_Size: 15.291
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: CD-ROM
Ordering_Instructions: Call USGS for details.
Custom_Order_Process: Call USGS for Details.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20070620
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Sciences Center
Contact_Person: Jeremy E. Bracone
Contact_Position: GIS and Remote Sensing Analyst
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th St. S
City: Saint Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747
Hours_of_Service: 8 AM - 5PM, Monday - Friday, EST
Contact_Instructions: Call USGS for details.
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
Generated by mp version 2.8.6 on Wed Jun 27 17:13:50 2007