Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2010 Title: SURFICIAL_GEOLOGY: Interpretation of the surficial geology within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008 (ESRI VECTOR SHAPEFILE) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1035 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: htpp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/geology/surf_geol.zip Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/html/gis.html Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jane F. Denny Originator: David S. Foster Originator: Charles R. Worley Originator: Barry J. Irwin Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Geophysical data collected from the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008-016-FA Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1035 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/ Description: Abstract: In 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted a geophysical and sampling survey of the riverbed of the Upper St. Clair River between Port Huron, MI, and Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. The objectives were to define the Quaternary geologic framework of the St. Clair River to evaluate the relationship between morphologic change of the riverbed and underlying stratigraphy. This report presents the geophysical and sample data collected from the St. Clair River, May 29-June 6, 2008 as part of the International Upper Great Lakes Study, a 5-year project funded by the International Joint Commission of the United States and Canada to examine whether physical changes in the St. Clair River are affecting water levels within the upper Great Lakes, to assess regulation plans for outflows from Lake Superior, and to examine the potential effect of climate change on the Great Lakes water levels ( http://www.iugls.org). This document makes available the data that were used in a separate report, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1137, which detailed the interpretations of the Quaternary geologic framework of the region. This report includes a description of the suite of high-resolution acoustic and sediment-sampling systems that were used to map the morphology, surficial sediment distribution, and underlying geology of the Upper St. Clair River during USGS field activity 2008-016-FA . Video and photographs of the riverbed were also collected and are included in this data release. Future analyses will be focused on substrate erosion and its effects on river-channel morphology and geometry. Ultimately, the International Upper Great Lakes Study will attempt to determine where physical changes in the St. Clair River affect water flow and, subsequently, water levels in the Upper Great Lakes. Purpose: This data set contains a description of the surficial geology within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario. These data are used to assess the relation between geologic framework and morphologic changes in the St. Clair River channel. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20080531 Ending_Date: 20080604 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.427254 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.399505 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.016174 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.968066 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: surficial geology Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC field activity serial number 08016 Theme_Keyword: USGS R/V Rafael Theme_Keyword: Polygon shapefile Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Great Lakes Place_Keyword: Upper Great Lakes Place_Keyword: Lake Huron Place_Keyword: St. Clair River Place_Keyword: Upper St. Clair River Place_Keyword: Canada Place_Keyword: Ontario Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane Denny Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/geology/surf_geol_sm.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Thumbnail image of the surficial geology within the St. Clair River Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.6.1500 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: David S. Foster Originator: Jane F. Denny Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Quaternary Geologic Framework of the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: on-line document Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2009-1137 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1137/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Blackwood, D. Originator: Parolski, K. Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Seabed observation and sampling system Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document Series_Information: Series_Name: Sea Technology Issue_Identification: V. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Arlington, VA Publisher: Compass Publications Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Poppe, L.J. Originator: Williams, S.J. Originator: Paskevich, V.F. Publication_Date: 2005 Title: USGS East-Coast Sediment Analysis Procedures, Database, and GIS Data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: on-line Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1001 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1001/ Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: All data used to interpret the surficial geology were collected during USGS cruise 08016 in May/June 2008 by the U.S. Geological Survey. Completeness_Report: All geophysical and sample data collected during USGS cruise 08016 were used to interpret the surficial geology. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Contribution: Swath-bathymetric and acoustic-backscatter data were acquired with a SEA, Ltd., SWATHplus interferometric sonar operating at a 234-kHz frequency (http://www.sea.co.uk/swathplus.aspx?nav=products). The SWATHplus transducer was mounted at the bow of the USGS R/V Rafael. Bathymetric data were acquired over variable swath widths ranging from 10 to 100 m, in water depths of about 1 to 25 m. A total of 109 km of swath bathymetric data were collected. SWATHplus acquisition software (version 3.05.19) was used to digitally log the bathymetric data at a rate of 30 pings/second and 3,072 samples per swath (ping) in the SWATHplus SXR format. Data collection parameters are saved into a SWATHplus session file in SEA's SXS format. These files that can be later used for data replay. An Octopus F180R Attitude and Positioning system (see: ) recorded ship motion (heave, pitch, roll, and yaw). These data were transmitted via network connection to the SWATHplus data collection software. The Octopus F180R Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) was mounted directly above the SWATHplus transducers, to minimize lever arm offsets that can lead to positioning errors. The F180R uses two L1 antennas for position and heading accuracy. The antennas are mounted on a rigid horizontal pole, 3 meters above the F180R IMU, with a horizontal separation of 1 meter and are offset from the IMU in a forward/aft configuration. The forward offset of the primary antenna from the IMU is 0.5 meters, with no port/starboard offset. Eight sound-velocity profiles were acquired during survey operations at roughly 4-hr intervals using an Applied Microsystems SV Plus V2 Velocimeter (Applied Microsystems, 2008). Video and digital photographs were collected at 37 stations using the USGS Mini SEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001). Mini SEABOSS stations were selected based on preliminary acoustic-backscatter mosaics, with the objective of characterizing broad areas of different backscatter intensity. With the Mini SEABOSS deployed, the research vessel was allowed to drift with occasional power from the vessel to control drift direction. Continuous video was collected over a total of 11.5 km of lake and riverbed. Video drift position was derived from the HYPACK® navigation files based on the start and end times of the drift. For some portions of the drift, there was no navigation, so the position was derived from the time and position stamp in the video at 30-s intervals. Grab samples of the surficial sediment were collected at 15 stations, typically at the end of a drift. The upper 2 cm of sediment was scraped from the surface of the sample for texture analysis. Sediment samples were collected at locations with relatively fine-grained sediment (sand or mud). Samples were not collected in gravel or cobble areas where gravel prevented full closure of the sampler and resulted in a washed-out sample. A total of 13 bottom samples were submitted for grain-size analysis. Two partially recovered, washed-out samples were not submitted. Grain-size analysis was performed at the USGS Sediment Laboratory at WHCMSC using methods described by Poppe and others (2005). The seismic reflection profiling system utilized a Boomer energy source operated with a power output of 175 joules. The Boomer source was fired at 0.5 s intervals. A single-channel Benthos AQ4 streamer received the seismic reflection signal. The analog signal was band-pass filtered between 100 and 3000 Hz. A 23-db gain was applied. The analog signal was digitized and recorded in SEG-Y format using SonarWiz.MAP +SBP software version 4.03.0089. DGPS coordinates were recorded in the SEG-Y file trace headers in arc seconds. The layback distance from the DGPS antenna to the source and receiver was estimated and applied to the position during acquisition. A total of 200 ms of data were acquired for each trace. A total of 58.5 km of Boomer profiles were collected. Chirp sub-bottom profiles were collected using a dual-frequency (3.5 and 200 kHz) Knudsen Engineering Limited (KEL) Chirp 3200 system. Chirp sub-bottom data with a peak frequency of 3.5 kHz were recorded in SEG-Y format with DGPS navigation logged to the SEG-Y file trace headers. The Chirp system was fired at a rate of 0.25 or 0.5 s. The trace length was set to 67 ms. A total of 80 km of Chirp sub-bottom data were collected. Process_Step: Process_Description: The surficial geology of the upper river study area was interpreted based on stratigraphic interpretations, sub-bottom acoustic character, acoustic backscatter, video and photographic observations, and grain-size analysis of surface samples. Acoustic backscatter was the primary data source used to map the aerial extent of six unique surficial units; all other data were used to support the backscatter interpretations. The aerial extent of six unique units was hand drawn within ArcGIS 9.2 using ArcGIS EDITOR tools. Polygon shapefiles were generated for each of the six interpreted units: muddy sand, sand, sand and gravel, gravel and cobbles, and two units of silty clay (Qu (Quaternary undifferentiated deposits) and Qd (Quaternary glacial drift). The projection for each polygon shapefile was defined as UTM, zone 17N, WGS84, meters. ArcGIS 9.2 Process_Date: 2009 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: David S. Foster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x 2271 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dfoster@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Six individual shapefiles defining the surficial geology units were merged to generate one shapefile (surficial_geololgy.shp) using the following methodology: Four of the six shapefiles defining the surficial geologic units contained multiple polygons (sand, sand and gravel, gravel and cobbles and siltyclay). To ensure that each shapefile contained only one polygon of a specific bottom unit, the DISSOVLE command was used within Arc Toolbox - Data Management Tools - Generalization; aggregating polygons within each shapefile. Once each shapefile contained only one polygon, the EDITOR was used within ArcGIS to copy the individual polygons (i.e. surficial geologic units) into one master shapefile, saved as surficial_geology.shp. ArcGIS 9.2 Process_Date: 2010 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane F. Denny Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The shapefile was projected from UTM, Zone 17N, WGS84 to geographic coordinate system, WGS84 using ArcGIS 9.2, AcrToolbox, Data Management, Projections and Transformations, Project. Process_Date: 2010 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane F. Denny Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x 2311 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov Time_of_Day: 15035600 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 6 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: surficial_geology Entity_Type_Definition: ESRI Shapefile Entity_Type_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Surf_Geol Attribute_Definition: Description of the surfical geologic units interpreted within the upper St. Clair River. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qu - Muddy Sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary undifferentiated deposit consisting of muddy sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qu - Sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary undifferentiated deposit consisting of sand Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qu - Sand and Gravel Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary undifferentiated deposit consisting of sand and gravel Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qu - Gravel, cobbles Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary undifferentiated deposit consisting of gravel and cobbles Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qu (Qgl) - Silty Clay Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary undifferentiated glaciolacustrine deposit consisting of silty clay Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qd - Silty Clay Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quaternary glacial drift consisting of silty clay Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The unit definitions, Muddy Sand, Sand, Sand and Gravel, Gravel and cobbles, and Silty clay, are defined based on the interpretations of seismic data, physical samples of the riverbed and video and photographic data, and the backscatter variations within the backscatter mosaics. The sediment analysis of the physical samples of the riverbed provided grain size descriptions of each unit exposed on the riverbed. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Jane F. Denny Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WinZip Format_Version_Number: 9.0 Format_Information_Content: WinZip file containing a shapefile and layer file describing the surficial geology within the St. Clair river and associated metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip or pkUnzip Transfer_Size: 72 KB Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/geology/surf_geol.zip Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW) Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) vector shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20110125 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Jane F. Denny Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: none Metadata_Use_Constraints: none Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile