Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: John F. Bratton Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Raw and Modified Raw Continuous Resistivity Profile Data Collected in the Corsica River Estuary, Maryland on May 16, 2007 on USGS Cruise 07005 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1094 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1094/data/resistivity/raw_resis/may16_raw.zip Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1094/html/catalog.html Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross Originator: John F. Bratton Originator: Charles R. Worley Originator: John Crusius Originator: Kevin D. Kroeger Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Continuous resistivity profiling data from the Corsica River Estuary, Maryland Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1094 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1094/ Description: Abstract: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into Maryland's Corsica River Estuary was investigated as part of a larger study to determine the importance of nutrient delivery to Chesapeake Bay via this pathway. Resource managers are concerned about nutrients that are entering the estuary via submarine groundwater discharge from this primarily agricultural watershed that may be contributing to eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and fish kills. An interdisciplinary U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) science team conducted field operations in the estuary in April and May 2007. Techniques used included continuous resistivity profiling (CRP), piezometer sampling, seepage meter measurements, and collection of a radon tracer time series. Better understanding of the style, locations, and rates of groundwater discharge could lead to improved models and mitigation strategies for estuarine nutrient over-enrichment in the Corsica River Estuary, and other similar settings. Purpose: The purpose of this dataset is to provide the raw resistivity data collected on May 16, 2007 in the Corsica River Estuary by the AGI SuperSting system. Modifications to the raw data were necessary in order to prepare the data for processing. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20070516 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.149983 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.106650 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.087067 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.074133 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Field Activity Serial Number 07005 Theme_Keyword: Field Activity Number 2007-005-FA Theme_Keyword: Info Bank ID T-1-07-CH Theme_Keyword: navigation Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: water temperature Theme_Keyword: continuous resistivity profiling Theme_Keyword: CRP Theme_Keyword: R/V Terrapin Theme_Keyword: Lowrance GPS Theme_Keyword: AGI SuperSting Theme_Keyword: raw data Theme_Keyword: groundwater Theme_Keyword: submarine groundwater Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Maryland Place_Keyword: Corsica River Estuary Place_Keyword: Chesapeake Bay Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: The public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: John F. Bratton Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2254 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbratton@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: Current address: NOAA/GLERL 4840 S. State Rd. Ann Arbor MI 48108-9719 734-741-2235 John.Bratton@noaa.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.6.1500 Data_Quality_Information: Completeness_Report: The last file from the previous day of data acquisition was L13F1. The first file for this day of acquisition was L15F1. No file L14F1 was ever generated. Files L24F2, L25F1, L26F1, L27F1, L28F1 and the first part of L29F1 did not have bathymetry values in the navigation files. All other files from this day did have fathometer data. None of the GPS files have temperature data. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The navigation system used was a Lowrance 480M with an LGC-2000 Global Positioning System (GPS) antenna. The antenna was located at the anchor point for the resistivity streamer, which is also directly above the fathometer transducer mount point. The GPS system is published to be accurate to within 10 meters. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All collected bathymetry values were collected by the 200 kHz Lowrance fathometer. The fathometer was mounted starboard side aft, directly below the GPS antenna and the resistivity streamer tow point. The Lowrance manufacturer indicates the speed of sound used by the system to convert to depths is 4800 feet/second. All values are assumed to be accurate to within 1 meter. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Contribution: The continuous resistivity profile (CRP) system used on this cruise was an AGI SuperSting marine system described at the website: www.agiusa.com/marinesystem.shtml. The particular system used for this acquisition was a 50-m streamer with an 11 electrode array with electrodes spaced 5 meters apart. The source electrodes are graphite, while the receiver electrodes are stainless steel. A dipole-dipole configuration was used for the data collection in which two fixed current electrodes are assigned with the measurement of voltage potential between electrode pairs in the remaining electrodes. The maximum depth below the water surface the streamer can reach is approximately ¼ the streamer length. So for the 50-m streamer, maximum depth is about 12.5 meters. Each line of data acquisition records several files. The two files necessary for processing are the *.stg and the *.gps file. The STG file contains the resistivity data, while the GPS file contains the navigation information. The navigation system used in concert with the CRP system is a Lowrance LMS-480M with an LGC-2000 GPS antenna and a 200 kHz fathometer transducer. The transducer also contains a temperature sensor which did not work on this day of data collection. Lowrance indicates the speed of sound used by the system is 4800 feet/second. Both the temperature and depth information are recorded in the logged GPS file. There are instances where no depth or temperature information is recorded due to an equipment problem. The CRP system images the subsurface electrical properties of an estuarine, riverine or lacustrine environment. Resistivity differences can be attributed to subsurface geology (conductive vs less conductive layers) and hydrogeologic conditions with fresh water exhibiting high resistivity and saline conditions showing low resistivity. Process_Step: Process_Description: The data were transferred from the logging computer via AGISSAdmin software version 1.3.2.165. The data files available for this day are L15F1*, L16F1*, L17F1*, L18F1*, L19F1*, L20F1*, L21F1*, L22F1*, L23F1*, L24F1*, L24F2*, L25F1*, L26F1*, L27F1*, L28F1*, L29F1*, L30F1*, L31F1*, L32F1*, L33F1*, L34F1*, L35F1*, and L36F1*. These files were then transferred via a thumb drive to the processing computer. The files included in this publication are the *.crs, *.cmd, *.gps, and *.stg. The two files essential for processing are the GPS and STG files. The GPS file contains the navigation, and in the case of the Lowrance system also includes water depth and temperature. The STG file contains the resistivity measurements from each of the electrodes. The CRS file contains the contact resistance readings. The CMD file contains the parameters for data collection. These last two files aren't necessary for data processing, but can be useful in terms of troubleshooting. This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross. Process_Date: 2007 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The first step is to check the navigation recorded in the *.gps file for each line of acquisition. At first glance, the navigation data in the files seem fine so I ran an AWK script which extracts the navigation, bathymetry, and temperature information recorded in each individual GPS data file. (* refers to the line name, which for this day are L15F1, L16F1, L17F1, L18F1, L19F1, L20F1, L21F1, L22F1, L23F1, L24F1, L24F2, L25F1, L26F1, L27F1, L28F1, L29F1, L30F1, L31F1, L32F1, L33F1, L34F1, L35F1, and L36F1.) This day needed a slightly different awk script because of the problems with the temperature sensor. >AWK script "awkhold": >BEGIN { >FS = "," >} >{ >FS = "," >ARGC = 2 >depth = -9999 >temp = -9999 >if ($1=="$GPRMC") > { > utctime = $2 > latdeg = substr($4,1,2) > latmin = substr($4,3,6) > declat = latdeg + (latmin/60) > londeg = substr($6,1,3) > lonmin = substr($6,4,6) > declon = -1 * (londeg + (lonmin/60)) > if (NR==1) { > holddepth = -9999 > holdtemp = -9999 > } > else { > printf("%s, %9.6f, %9.6f, %5.1f, %5.1f, %s\n", holdutctime, >holddeclon, holddeclat, holddepth, holdtemp, ARGV[2]) > } > holdutctime = utctime > holddeclon = declon > holddeclat = declat > holddepth = -9999 > holdtemp = -9999 > } >if ($1=="$SDDPT") > { > depthreal = $2 > holddepth = depthreal > } >if ($1=="$SDMTW") > { > tempreal = $2 > holdtemp = tempreal > } >} >END { >printf("%s, %9.6f, %9.6f, %5.1f, %5.1f, %s\n", holdutctime, holddeclon, holddeclat, holddepth, holdtemp, ARGV[2]) >} This AWK script was initialized by "dohold" - shell script run under CYGWIN (UNIX like environment that runs under Windows): >files=`ls *.gps | cut -d. -f1 | tr "[A-Z"] ["a-z"]` >for file in $files >do > awk -f awkhold $file.gps $file > $file.holds >done Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: *.gps Process_Date: 2007 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: *.holds Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: These files were then appended to each other using the UNIX cat command. cat l15f1.holds l16f1.holds l17f1.holds l18f1.holds l19f1.holds l20f1.holds l21f1.holds l22f1.holds l23f1.holds l24f1.holds l24f2.holds l25f1.holds l26f1.holds l27f1.holds l28f1.holds l29f1.holds l30f1.holds l31f1.holds l32f1.holds l33f1.holds l34f1.holds l35f1.holds l36f1.holds > day2holds.txt Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: *.holds Process_Date: 2007 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: day2holds.txt Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: VI under CYGWIN was used to add the appropriate header line and the comma-delimited text file was imported to ArcMap 9.2: Tools - Add XY Data. The X field is longitude; Y field is latitude, and the Coordinate System was defined as Geographic, NAD83. Visual inspection indicates that the navigation from this day of data collection is fine. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: day2holds.txt Process_Date: 2007 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: After the initial processing, it became apparent that I needed to split L27F1 because of a large gap in the navigation. This means that the GPS file and the STG file need to be split resulting in L27F1_part1.gps and L27F1_part2.gps as well as L27F1_part1.stg and L27F1_part2.stg. L32F1 also had to be split because of a gap in the navigation resulting in L32F1_part1.gps, L32F1_part2.gps, L32F1_part1.stg and L32F1_part2.stg. Although the anomaly is found after some processing, the edit is made to the raw data - hence the reason for recording this information with the raw data. This dataset includes the original (unsplit) files, as well as the modified files needed for processing. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: L27F1* Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: L32F1* Process_Date: 2007 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: L27f1_part1* Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: L27F1_part2* Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: L32F1_part1* Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: L32F1_part2* Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Degrees and decimal minutes Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: Local surface Depth_Resolution: 0.1 Depth_Distance_Units: meters Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: WinZip Format_Version_Number: 9.0 Format_Information_Content: The WinZip file contains all the raw CRP data from May 16, 2007 as well as the associated metadata files. Transfer_Size: 0.812 MB Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1094/html/catalog.html Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1094/data/resistivity/raw_resis/may16_raw.zip Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD-ROM Recording_Capacity: Recording_Density: 4.75 Recording_Density_Units: GBytes Recording_Format: UDF Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The data are provided in a WinZip compressed file. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the archive. In addition, the raw data are available in a format compatible with AGI Geosciences Marine Log Manager software. The user must have software capable of reading the AGI format in order to process these data. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20091222 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile