Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellen A. Raabe Originator: E. Bialkowska-Jelinska Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Thermal imaging of the Waccasassa Bay Preserve: Image acquisition and processing Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTIFF and shapefiles Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1120 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Saint Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Raabe, E.A. and Bialkowska-Jelinska, E., 2010, Thermal Imaging of the Waccasassa Bay Preserve: image acquisition and processing: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2010-1120, 61 p. Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1120 Description: Abstract: Airborne thermal infrared (TIR) imagery was acquired along coastal Levy County, Florida, in March 2009 to map groundwater-discharge in Waccasassa Bay Preserve State Park (WBPSP). Groundwater discharge is thermally distinct in winter when Floridan aquifer temperature, 71-72 °F, contrasts with the surrounding cold surface waters. Calibrated imagery at 2m resolution was analyzed to assess temperature anomalies and related thermal plumes. The influence of warm Gulf water and image artifacts on small features was constrained by image evaluation in three separate zones: Creeks, Bay, and Gulf. Four levels of significant water-temperature anomalies were identified and mapped as polygons, and 488 sites of interest were mapped in a point file. Among the sites identified, at least 80 were determined to be associated with human activity, such as excavation pits and the Florida Barge Canal, or image artifacts. Naturally occurring seeps were located in karst ponds and tidal creeks, and several submerged sites were detected in Waccasassa River and Bay, representing the first documentation of submarine vents in the Waccasassa region. Drought conditions throughout the region placed constraints on positive feature identification. Low discharge or displacement by landward movement of saltwater may have reduced or reversed flow during this season. Only two-thirds of seep locations in the overlap between 2009 and 2005 TIR night imagery were positively re-identified in 2009. These results indicate a 33 percent chance of feature omission in the 2009 imagery. This assessment of seep location and distribution contributes to an understanding of the underlying geology and the role of subsurface features on groundwater flow paths in the region. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to utlize temperature contrasts during the winter season to identify potential sites of aquifer discharge in the Waccasassa Bay Preserve State Park in Levy County, Florida (USGS in cooperation with Florida State Parks, and Florida Springs Initiative). Airborne thermal infrared imagery was acquired at night to map the locations of water temperature anomalies in Waccasassa Bay and surrounding tidal rivers, creeks, and ponds. The maps and evaluations will enhance Park management efforts, interpretation of Park resources, and increase understanding of the combined effects of land and water use on the coastal lowlands, estuarine habitats, and natural resources of WBPSP. Supplemental_Information: This data release includes several layers of information derived from thermal infrared imagery acquired between 2 and 4 am March 30, 2009. Two GeoTIFF versions of the 6.5 ft (~2m) resolution image are included (UTM NAD83 Zone 17): 1. Full range thermal values 11-255, and 2. Image values calibrated to degrees Fahrenheit. Three zones were used for analysis: Creek, Bay, and Gulf. A polygon shape file was developed for each zone to depict significant thermal anomaly at four levels: Level 1 = 90% C.I., Level 2 = 95% C.I., Level 3 = 98% C.I., and Level 4 = 99% C.I. (creek_sigrecpoly.shp, bay_sigpoly.shp, gulf_sigpoly.shp). An edited point shape file depicts select Level 4 thermal anomaly polygon centroids, labeled as either "natural" or "manmade" (sig4pts_merge_label.shp). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2009 March 30 Time_of_Day: 0200 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -83.121513 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.698452 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.206979 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.989581 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115: Topic Categories Theme_Keyword: geoscientificinformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: aquifer Theme_Keyword: estuaries Theme_Keyword: seep Theme_Keyword: geothermal Theme_Keyword: Thermal sensor Theme_Keyword: Airplane Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Levy County Place_Keyword: Waccasassa Bay Preserve State Park Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: CIESIN Stratum_Keyword: estuaries Stratum_Keyword: coastal zones Stratum_Keyword: nature reserve Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Temporal_Keyword: 2009 Temporal_Keyword: March Temporal_Keyword: night Access_Constraints: Any use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the USGS Standard Disclaimer. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both user and USGS interests. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from the distributor described above or from another USGS server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. The distributor makes no claim as to the data's suitability for other purposes. Use_Constraints: Public data. No constraints. Read Distribution Liability. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Florida, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of these data. Data_Set_Credit: Raabe, E.A. and Bialkowska-Jelinska, E., 2010, Thermal Imaging of the Waccasassa Bay Preserve: image acquisition and processing: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2010-1120, 61 p. Native_Data_Set_Environment: ERDAS Imagine 9.3; Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.0.1770 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ellen A. Raabe Originator: Elzbieta Bialkowska-Jelinska Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Temperature anomalies in the Lower Suwannee River and tidal creeks, Florida, 2005 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster and vector data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2007-1311 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Raabe, E.A., and Bialkowska-Jelinska, E., 2007, Temperature anomalies in the Lower Suwannee River and tidal creeks, Florida, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1311. Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1311/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Image values were calibrated for temperature from real-time data sondes near Cedar Key (Florida Dept. Agriculture and Consumer Serv.). Logical_Consistency_Report: Vignetting in the image mosaic produced image artifacts across large areas with similar thermal emission. Completeness_Report: The conversion of image values to degrees Fahrenheit (integers) reduced fine detail in original thermal data but facilitates use of the image as temperature in a familiar scale. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Imagery was mosaicked to a common planar-projected coordinate system and georectified in a 2x2 m resolution grid (VeriMap, 2009) Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 2 m Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: +/- 1 pixel (2 meters) Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: David Stonehouse Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Thermal Infrared and Multi-Spectral Mapping Project Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Calgary, AB, Canada Publisher: VeriMap Plus, Inc. Other_Citation_Details: Report to Florida DEP Waccasassa Bay Preserve and Cedar Key Scrub Reserve State Parks Source_Scale_Denominator: 2 meters Type_of_Source_Media: digital raster image Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2009 March 30 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground conditon Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Stonehouse, D., 2009 (VeriMap) Source_Contribution: Aerial acquisition and initial processing of imagery including geo-reference and image mosaic Process_Step: Process_Description: Acquisition and mosaic of thermal infrared imagery from multiple flight paths for Waccasassa Bay Preserve State Park Thermal Infrared Mapping Project, USGS and Florida Deptartment of Environmental Protection Springs Initiative and State Parks. Imagery was mosaicked to a common planar-projected coordinate system and georectified with a positional accuracy of +/- 1 pixel, ~2m (VeriMap, 2009) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: original propriety raster images Process_Date: 2009 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Original mosaicked image Process_Step: Process_Description: Original 3-band image reduced to 1 band (at USGS), maintaining full range of thermal values. This value range was used for data analysis and thermal anomaly identification. LZW compression to manage file size and produced with coordinated layer file for display in ArcMap. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Original mosaicked image Process_Date: 2009 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Thermal_09_fullrange.tif Process_Step: Process_Description: Conversion of image values to temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (at USGS), calibrated from real-time data sondes near Cedar Key (Florida Dept. Agriculture and Consumer Serv.). A temperature conversion table was used to transform original image values (~0.12 degrees F per value) to integer degrees Fahrenheit 44-70. LZW compression to reduce size and layer file for viewing in ArcMap. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Thermal_09_fullrange.tif Process_Date: 2009 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Thermal_09_fahr.tif Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 11719 Column_Count: 20405 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 17 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 2.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 2.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Thermal_09_fullrange.tif Entity_Type_Definition: 8-bit unsigned Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Value range from airborne thermal sensor Attribute: Attribute_Label: value Attribute_Definition: Thermal emmission Attribute_Definition_Source: VeriMap Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 11 Range_Domain_Maximum: 255 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: sensor Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.12 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Ellen Raabe Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Phsyical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727)803-8747 ext. 3039 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: eraabe@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20120604 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-803-8747 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile