swash_shorelines.shp - High-resolution shoreline change measurements (1997-2005) from Corolla to Cape Hatteras, NC (geographic, WGS 84)

Metadata also available as - [Parseable text]

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Jeffery List
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
swash_shorelines.shp - High-resolution shoreline change measurements (1997-2005) from Corolla to Cape Hatteras, NC (geographic, WGS 84)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1015
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage:
<https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/data/shorelines/swash_shorelines.zip>
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/data_catalog.html>
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: E.R. Thieler
Originator: D.S. Foster
Originator: D.M. Mallinson
Originator: E.A. Himmelstoss
Originator: J.E. McNinch
Originator: J.H. List
Originator: E.S. Hammer-Klose
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
Quaternary Geophysical Framework of the Northeastern North Carolina Coastal System
Edition: 1
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1015
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/>
Description:
Abstract:
The northeastern North Carolina coastal system, from False Cape, Virginia, to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, has been studied by a cooperative research program that mapped the Quaternary geologic framework of the estuaries, barrier islands, and inner continental shelf. This information provides a basis to understand the linkage between geologic framework, physical processes, and coastal evolution at time scales from storm events to millennia. The study area attracts significant tourism to its parks and beaches, contains a number of coastal communities, and supports a local fishing industry, all of which are impacted by coastal change. Knowledge derived from this research program can be used to mitigate hazards and facilitate effective management of this dynamic coastal system.
This regional mapping project produced spatial datasets of high-resolution geophysical (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and sedimentary (core and grab-sample) data. The high-resolution geophysical data were collected during numerous surveys within the back-barrier estuarine system, along the barrier island complex, in the nearshore, and along the inner continental shelf. Sediment cores were taken on the mainland and along the barrier islands, and both cores and grab samples were taken on the inner shelf. Data collection was a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and several other institutions including East Carolina University (ECU), the North Carolina Geological Survey, and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS).
The high-resolution geophysical data of the inner continental shelf were collected during six separate surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004 (four USGS surveys north of Cape Hatteras: 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA, 2002-013-FA, and two USGS surveys south of Cape Hatteras: 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) and cover more than 2600 square kilometers of the inner shelf. Single-beam bathymetry data were collected north of Cape Hatteras in 1999 using a Furuno fathometer. Swath bathymetry data were collected on all other inner shelf surveys using a SEA, Ltd. SwathPLUS 234-kHz bathymetric sonar. Chirp seismic data as well as sidescan-sonar data were collected with a Teledyne Benthos (Datasonics) SIS-1000 north of Cape Hatteras along with boomer seismic reflection data (cruises 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA and 2002-013-FA). An Edgetech 512i was used to collect chirp seismic data south of Cape Hatteras (cruises 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) along with a Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar system. Sediment samples were collected with a Van Veen grab sampler during four of the USGS surveys (1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-013-FA, and 2004-003-FA). Additional sediment core data along the inner shelf are provided from previously published studies.
A cooperative study, between the North Carolina Geological Survey and the Minerals Management Service (MMS cores), collected vibracores along the inner continental shelf offshore of Nags Head, Kill Devils Hills and Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1996. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers collected vibracores along the inner shelf offshore of Dare County in August 1995 (NDC cores) and July-August 1995 (SNL cores). These cores are curated by the North Carolina Geological Survey and were used as part of the ground validation process in this study.
Nearshore geophysical and core data were collected by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The nearshore is defined here as the region between the 10-m isobath and the shoreline. High-resolution bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and chirp seismic data were collected between June 2002 and May 2004. Vibracore samples were collected in May and July 2005.
Shallow subsurface geophysical data were acquired along the Outer Banks barrier islands using a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system. Data were collected by East Carolina University from 2002 to 2005. Rotasonic cores (OBX cores) from five drilling operations were collected from 2002 to 2006 by the North Carolina Geological Survey as part of the cooperative study with the USGS. These cores are distributed throughout the Outer Banks as well as the mainland.
The USGS collected seismic data for the Quaternary section within the Albemarle-Pamlico estuarine system between 2001 and 2004 during six surveys (2001-013-FA, 2002-015-FA, 2003-005-FA , 2003-042-FA, 2004-005-FA, and 2004-006-FA). These surveys used Geopulse Boomer and Knudsen Engineering Limited (KEL) 320BR Chirp systems, except cruise 2003-042-FA, which used an Edgetech 424 Chirp and a boomer system. The study area includes Albemarle Sound and selected tributary estuaries such as the South, Pungo, Alligator, and Pasquotank Rivers; Pamlico Sound and trunk estuaries including the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers; and back-barrier sounds including Currituck, Croatan, Roanoke, Core, and Bogue.
Purpose:
The shoreline positions included in this dataset represent a high-resolution set of large-scale shoreline change observations collected by the ground-based SWASH (Surveying Wide-Area Shorelines) system. Between 1999 and 2005, the shoreline position has been re-surveyed 61 times over 130 km of coast from Corolla near the VA/NC border to the tip of Cape Hatteras. This represents a unique time series for quantifying large-scale coastal evolution. Because of this intensive sampling, significant inter-annual patterns of shoreline change have been identified along many sections of coast (for example, the series is long enough to extract a significant inter-annual trend "signal" from the daily shoreline change "noise").
One of the most relevant coastal change problems in North Carolina is coastal erosion leading to shoreline change. Rates of shoreline recession exceeding several meters per year threaten transportation infrastructure and result in the continual destruction of coastal property. In northern Dare County, these problems have motivated extensive studies and planning for coastal renourishment that will cost in excess of several hundred of million dollars. The processes responsible for the observed patterns of erosion and accretion along this coast are remain poorly understood, however, and the shoreline change models used in these studies have simply been tuned to match observations thereby providing no real predictive capability.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 19970920
Ending_Date: 20050829
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.824128
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.460010
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.377934
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.217354
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Theme_Keyword: shoreline position
Theme_Keyword: beach erosion
Theme_Keyword: beach accretion
Theme_Keyword: beach slope
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: CMGP
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2005-034-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2005-026-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2005-011-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2004-055-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2004-047-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2004-037-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2004-022-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2004-018-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2003-061-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2003-060-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2003-059-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2003-058-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2003-021-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-066-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-037-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-036-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-035-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-034-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-033-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-004-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-003-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2002-002-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-083-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-076-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-075-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-047-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-046-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-045-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-044-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-043-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-042-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-041-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-040-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-001-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2001-012-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-078-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-077-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-076-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-047-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-075-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-046-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-045-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-044-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-057-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-043-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-042-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-018-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-017-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2000-007-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 1999-065-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 1999-061-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 1999-057-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 1999-053-FA
Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 1997-024-FA
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal
Theme_Keyword: location
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Place_Keyword: Corolla
Place_Keyword: Duck
Place_Keyword: Kill Devil Hills
Place_Keyword: Nags Head
Place_Keyword: Oregon Inlet
Place_Keyword: Rodanthe
Place_Keyword: Salvo
Place_Keyword: Avon
Place_Keyword: Cape Hatteras
Place_Keyword: Cape Hatteras National Seashore
Place_Keyword: North Carolina
Place_Keyword: NC
Place_Keyword: Outer Banks
Place_Keyword: East Coast
Place_Keyword: North America
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Jeffery List
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2343
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlist@usgs.gov
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on this data.
Completeness_Report:
All swash survey data collected between 1997 and 2005 along the Outer Banks of North Carolina have been included in this shoreline compilation.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The horizontal uncertainty of the post-processed derived MHW shoreline position (not the original driven track of the buggy, but the shoreline calculated from the buggy x,y,z and the beach slope) is highly variable depending mainly on the deviation between the elevation of the driven buggy track and the MHW elevation, and the beach slope.
If the buggy happened to be driven exactly at MHW, then the horizontal uncertainty of the derived MHW position is only the GPS positioning error, or less than about 10 cm. If the beach is very flat and the elevation of the driven buggy track deviates greatly (more than 1 m) from MHW, the estimated uncertainty can be 50 m or more. The average horizontal accuracy calculated for the combined surveys is plus or minus 2.31 meters.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
In keeping with historical sources on shoreline information, the Mean High Water (MHW) contour was chosen as the definition of the shoreline. MHW (z=0.26, Geoid96, NAVD88) is extrapolated at discrete points where horizontal position, elevation and beach slope were measured. Mean high water is defined to be 0.26 m above NAVD88, relative to Geoid96.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
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Ending_Date: 19991007
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Source_Information:
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Source_Information:
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Source_Information:
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Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The SWASH system is mounted on a six-wheel amphibious all-terrain vehicle. As the vehicle transits the coast, an array of GPS sensors at a sampling frequency of 0.5 seconds are used to make high-accuracy measurements of horizontal position (x,y), elevation or vertical position (z), and beach slope.
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Jeffrey List
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2343
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlist@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Following the field survey, the shoreline position is calculated in MATLAB by using the GPS data to extrapolate the position of the measured survey line to the position of the Mean High Water (z=0.26, Geoid96, NAVD88) contour. Obvious outliers are removed.
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Amy Farris
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2288
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: afarris@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The location of MHW (as easting and northing in UTM 18N, WGS84) was written out to ASCII data files. Files are named by date of data collection.
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Amy Farris
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2288
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: afarris@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
A point feature class was created from the x,y coordinates for each shoreline file within ArcCatalog (v9.1) by right-clicking on the table in the ArcCatalog tree, "Create Feature Class" > "From XY Table." The appropriate x-coordinate and y-coordinate fields were specified in the window dialog and the spatial reference information was defined (UTM 18N, WGS84). This process step and all subsequent steps were performed by the same person: Emily Himmelstoss.
Process_Date: 2006
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Emily Himmelstoss
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Each point shapefile was converted to a polyline shapefile using XTools Pro (v3.2), a software extension for ArcGIS. The "Make one Polyline from Points" tool was used to convert the point shapefile into a polyline shapefile.
Process_Date: 2006
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The individual polyline shapefiles for each survey were appended into a single shapefile containing all the surveys in ArcToolbox (v9.1) under "Data Management Tools" > "General" > "Append".
Process_Date: 2006
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The resulting polyline shapefiles contain single line segments for each shoreline date (one row in the attribute table). The line segments were split at each vertex in ArcToolbox (v9.3) under "Data Management" > "Features" > "Split Line At Vertices" tool.
Process_Date: 20110208
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The length of each line segment was calculated using XTools Pro (v5.2) and added as an attribute field (length_m) to the shapefile (UTM 18N, WGS84). A query was performed using the "Select by Attributes" option so that all line segments greater than 80 meters in length were selected. These line segments were deleted within an ArcMap (v9.3) edit session. When the distance between swash shoreline points was greater than 80 meters, the span results in a break in the shoreline. Therefore the nominal line segment length is 2 meters, but can be as much as 80 meters.
Process_Date: 20110210
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The attribute table was then aggregated based on the survey name within ArcToolbox (v9.3) using "Data Management Tools" > "Generalization" > "Dissolve". The dissolve was based on the LINENAME field and multipart features were not allowed. This resulted in a condensed, and more manageable attribute table. The dissolve process did not preserve the length_m attribute field since multiple line segments were aggregated into a single row within the attribute table.
Process_Date: 20110210
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The swash shoreline shapefile was projected from UTM 18N (WGS 84) to geographic (WGS 84) coordinates using ArcToolbox (v9.3) "Data Management Tools" > "Projections and Transformations" > "Feature" > "Project".
Process_Date: 20110210
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 134
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Depth_System_Definition:
Depth_Datum_Name: Mean high water
Depth_Distance_Units: meters
Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: swash_shorelines
Entity_Type_Definition:
The data consist of (x,y) position of mean high water on the beach. Mean high water is defined to be 0.26 m above NAVD88, relative to Geoid96.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LINENAME
Attribute_Definition:
The line name is a unique identification number that indicates survey year, followed by month, day, and location "north" or "south" of Oregon Inlet.
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DATE_
Attribute_Definition: Survey year, followed by month and day
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: YEAR_
Attribute_Definition: Survey year
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1997
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2005
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: MONTH_
Attribute_Definition: Survey month
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 12
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: DAY_
Attribute_Definition: Survey day
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 31
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: E. Robert Thieler
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Distribution_Liability:
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: WinZip
Format_Version_Number: 9.0
Format_Information_Content:
A zip file containing the geospatial data in shapefile format and metadata describing the data set of high-resolution swash shoreline positions from Corolla to Cape Hatteras, NC.
File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or pkUnzip
Transfer_Size: 41.92 MB
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name:
<http://pub.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/data/shorelines/swash_shorelines.zip>
Network_Resource_Name: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/data_catalog.html>
Access_Instructions: Data are downloadable via the World Wide Web (WWW).
Fees: None
Technical_Prerequisites:
These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20110113
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Amy Farris
Contact_Organization: USGS
Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2288
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2350
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: afarris@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
Generated by mp version 2.9.6 on Mon Jun 17 12:46:12 2013