Legend Layer for Mapping Landcover of the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004-2005

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Legend Layer for Mapping Landcover of the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004-2005
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
Description:
Abstract:
This dataset defines the symbology for the landcover map of the Natchez Trace Parkway. The map shows the distribution of 18 landcover classes based on the National Vegetation Classification Standard. Ground-based vegetation classification was provided by National Park Service (NPS). The mapping output and layer delineate grasses, road-developed areas, scrub-shrub, shrubland, plantation, water bodies, areas of white oak, oak, pine-oak, pine-cedar, pine-sweetgum, sweetgum (including sweetgum-oak), scattered trees, swamp forest, irregular classes, aquatic vegetation, invasive species, canopy gaps, and clouds. Mapped classes that have been digitized are noted with an asterisk (*) in the legend.
Purpose:
The purpose of this dataset is to define the symbology for the landcover classification map of the Natchez Trace Parkway. This layer should be applied to the mapping output .tifs to view the legend. This map is part of the USGS-NPS Vegetation Characterization Program, a cooperative effort by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Park Service (NPS), to classify, describe, and map vegetation communities in more than 280 national park units across the United States. This landmark program is both the first to provide national-scale descriptions of vegetation for a Federal agency and the first to create national vegetation standards for its data products. The vegetation mapping program is an important part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Program, a long-term effort to develop baseline data for all national park units that have a natural resource component. For more information visit the Vegetation Inventory Program (VIP) website at: http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/inventory/veg/index.cfm.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2011
Currentness_Reference:
publication date
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -91.370359
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -86.964290
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.176145
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 31.430989
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: landcover
Theme_Keyword: National Vegetation Classification System
Theme_Keyword: mapping
Theme_Keyword: land use
Theme_Keyword: NVCS
Theme_Keyword: map legend
Theme_Keyword: map symbology
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Mississippi
Place_Keyword: Southeast US
Place_Keyword: Natchez Trace
Place_Keyword: Natchez Trace Parkway
Place_Keyword: Alabama
Place_Keyword: Tennessee
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Natchez Trace
Place_Keyword: Natchez Trace Parkway
Place_Keyword: Mississippi
Place_Keyword: Tennessee
Place_Keyword: Alabama
Place_Keyword: Southeast US
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: State of Mississippi
Place_Keyword: State of Louisiana
Place_Keyword: State of Alabama
Place_Keyword: State of Tennessee
Place_Keyword: Adams County
Place_Keyword: Tishomingo County
Place_Keyword: Jefferson County
Place_Keyword: Claiborne County
Place_Keyword: Hinds County
Place_Keyword: Madison County
Place_Keyword: Leake County
Place_Keyword: Attala County
Place_Keyword: Choctaw County
Place_Keyword: Webster County
Place_Keyword: Chickasaw County
Place_Keyword: Pontotoc County
Place_Keyword: Lee County
Place_Keyword: Itawamba County
Place_Keyword: Prentiss County
Place_Keyword: Colbert County
Place_Keyword: Lauderdale County
Place_Keyword: Wayne County
Place_Keyword: Lawrence County
Place_Keyword: Lewis County
Place_Keyword: Natchez Trace Parkway
Access_Constraints: It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from the U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center and not indirectly through other sources which may have been changed in some way. The distributor makes no claim as to the data's suitability for other purposes.
Use_Constraints:
Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data. Such acknowledgement as is standard for citation and legal practices for data sources is expected by users of these data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would be appreciated by the USGS NWRC staff. Users should be aware that comparison with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate because of inconsistencies resulting from changes in mapping conventions, data collection procedures, and computer processes over time. The distributor shall not be liable for improper or incorrect use of these data, based on the description of appropriate/inappropriate uses described in this metadata document. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Contact_Person: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D
Contact_Position: Principal Investigator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd
City: Lafayette
State_or_Province: LA
Postal_Code: 70506-3152
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337-266-8500
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337-266-8841
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: elijah_ramsey@usgs.gov
Contact Instructions: Additional contact: Information Services, Voice 337-266-8692, Email nwrclibrary@usgs.gov
Data_Set_Credit:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) would like to thank Paul Conzelman and Martha Segura of the National Park Service for allowing us the opportunity to contribute to the landcover mapping of the Nation's resources and Kurt Foote of the National Park Service for his guidance and vital help in our field reconnaissance. Partial funding for this work was provided through the U.S. National Park Service Agreement Number 14431A53200000. We are grateful to Steve Hartley (USGS) for his development of critical geographic information system (GIS) procedures and help in GIS processing.

The USGS NWRC would also like to acknowledge Gulf Coast Aerial Mapping Co., Inc. for the generation of the aerial photography.
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.3000
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Mapping Landcover of the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004-2005
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Not applicable
Logical_Consistency_Report:
None
Completeness_Report:
Data are complete as possible
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The accuracy of the horizontal positions meets the U.S. Geological Survey National Mapping standard.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Gulf Coast Aerial Mapping Co., Inc.
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
Digital Orthoimagery for Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20040929
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20040930
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20041006
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20041015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
DOQQs
Source_Contribution:
The primary data source for the mosaiced imagery
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: National Park Service
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
Field Site Catalog
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
Type_of_Source_Media: paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 200409
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 200509
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
NPS field sites
Source_Contribution:
Provided the source for landcover classification
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
Filtered Digital Orthoimagery for Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20040929
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20040930
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20041006
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20041015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Filtered DOQQs
Source_Contribution:
Filtered DOQQs used to minimize unwanted variability when classifying landcover
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
Machine-based Landcover Mapping of the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004-2005
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2005
Ending_Date: 2010
Source_Currentness_Reference:
observed
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Unsupervised classification
Source_Contribution:
Preliminary landcover classification
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Amina Rangoonwala (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Terri Bannister (Five Rivers Services, LLC at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Originator: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Mapping Landcover of the Natchez Trace Parkway 2004-2005
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 2011-1276
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Lafayette, LA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1276/
Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2004
Ending_Date: 2005
Source_Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Final classification
Source_Contribution:
Final landcover classification
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Color infrared (CIR) aerial photography was acquired during leaf-on conditions. The flights occurred on September 29-30 and October 6 and 15, 2004. The resulting aerial film rolls were then scanned at 25 microns by using a true color, true optics scanner to generate a 1,000-dot per inch (dpi) product and converted to DOQQs. The effects of tilt and relief were removed from the aerial photos by orthorectification. The transformation of the photographic frames to DOQQ representation provided uniform scale. Uniform scale allowed the direct measure of true distance and direction. The tiles were then cut to match existing DOQQs in the UTM projection zones.

The 235 DOQQs created from the 386 aerial frames were mosaiced to create full coverage of the Parkway. For ease of use, the DOQQs were grouped into 11 mosaics, each covering a section of the Parkway. At the request of the NPS, each mosaic was divided into ten tiles to allow for efficient loading on less robust computers.

For more detailed information, see Appendix 2 of 'Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway.'
Process_Date: Unknown
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:
DOQQs
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
An 11 m by 25 m (average) spectral filter was applied to the DOQQs to produce a scale comparable to the 20 m by 50 m ground-plot size used by the National Park Service. This filter was applied to each of the 11 mosaic sections of the Parkway imagery. The filter minimized unwanted canopy variability (irregularly illuminated tree crowns and canopy gaps and associated shadowing) and maximized forest-stand identification.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
DOQQs
Process_Date: Unknown
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:
Filtered DOQQs
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
An unsupervised classification (accomplished numerically and impartially with little human input) was performed on the eleven mosaic sections of the Parkway. This process involved aggregating the pixels into spectral groupings, or clusters, based solely on the spectral distribution present in the image. The analyst then determined the landcover identity of these spectral groups by associating the classified image data with ground reference data from the National Park Service classification and notes from field reconnaissance missions.

For more details, see the methods section in 'Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway.'
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Filtered DOQQs
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
NPS Field Sites
Process_Date: Unknown
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:
Unsupervised classification
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The final mapping of the Parkway involved both machine processes (unsupervised classification) and human analysis (supervised classification). As a first step, shadows, edge and gap, were isolated and replaced on the map. Steps were taken to minimize the abrupt changes that occur between mosaiced orthophotos. Cutlines were compensated for by creating masks at the borders between orthophotos and applying classification algorithms only in the masked areas.

The modified data were classified using an unsupervised classification algorithm. Progressive clustering techniques were used to separate and group clusters with mixed identities until all possible groups had been identified. The leftover clusters were labeled irregular classes on the map legend. Once all possible spectrally distinct classes had been identified, the final set of classes was migrated to the next adjacent mosaic section. A single signature migration was not applied from one end of the Parkway to the other; however, a mixture of progressive mapping classifications and signature migrations were applied throughout the Parkway.

In a continued effort to generate a map product conforming to requests by the National Park Service, different filters were applied to the mapping output in order to reduce mapping artifacts, such as isolated pixel groups and ribbons. As a final step, an assessment of mapping accuracy was completed to provide an overall estimate of mapping performance. Field site observations were compared to the generated landcover map and the accuracy reported in contingency tables. Lastly, mapping outputs were then divided into 10 tiles per mosaic section at the request of the National Park Service.

For more details see the Final Mapping Classification section in 'Mapping the Natchez Trace Parkway.'
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Unsupervised classification
Process_Date: Unknown
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:
Final classification
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Added a layer to define color symbology and identify landcover classes found in the Natchez Trace Parkway map.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
Final classification
Process_Date: Unknown
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference_Method:
Natchez Trace Parkway
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 15
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -93.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 1
Ordinate_Resolution: 1
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Contact_Person: Elijah W. Ramsey III, Ph.D
Contact_Position: Principal Investigator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd.
City: Lafayette
State_or_Province: LA
Postal_Code: 70506-3152
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337-266-8500
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337-266-8841
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: elijah_ramsey@usgs.gov
Contact Instructions: Additional contact: Information Services, Voice 337-266-8692, Email nwrclibrary@usgs.gov
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from the U.S. Geological Survey server, and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata associated with this data. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.
Custom_Order_Process:
For data requests, contact the U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center directly.
Technical_Prerequisites:
Adequate computer capability is the only technical prerequisite for viewing data in digital form.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20120126
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center
Contact_Position: Metadata Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd
City: Lafayette
State_or_Province: LA
Postal_Code: 70506-3152
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337-266-8500
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337-266-8841
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nwrclibrary@usgs.gov
Contact Instructions: Additional contact: Information Services, Voice 337-266-8692, Email nwrclibrary@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints: There are no access limitations on acquiring the metadata document. Metadata can be accessed through the U.S. Geological Survey Metadata Clearinghouse.
Metadata_Use_Constraints:
Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center as the metadata source would be appreciated. Please cite the original metadata when using portions of the record to create a similar record for slightly altered data for reprojection or subsetting.

Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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