2011032313040400FALSE20120412163707002012041216375200{9D12E4E6-64AB-4DCA-A66C-6E53AE510AB2}http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1003/data/shapefiles/basemud_geog.zipDavid C. Twichell2012BASEMUD_GEOG.SHP: Point Shapefile of Interpreted Base of Mud Isopach Based on Seismic-Reflection Profiles Collected in Apalachicola Bay in 2006 from U.S. Geological Survey Cruise 06001 (Geographic, WGS84)basemud_geogvector digital dataVeeAnn A. CrossV.A. CrossD.C. TwichellD.S. FosterT.F. O'Brien2012Apalachicola Bay Interpreted Seismic Horizons and Updated IRIS Chirp Seismic-Reflection Data1Open-File Report2012-1003Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MAU.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Programhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1003/Open-File Report2012-1003Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MAU.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Programhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1003/html/catalog.htmlMicrosoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4000enApalachicola Bay and St. George Sound contain the largest oyster fishery in Florida, and the growth and distribution of the numerous oyster reefs here are the combined product of modern estuarine conditions and the late Holocene evolution of the bay. A suite of geophysical data and cores were collected during a cooperative study by the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Services Center, and the Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve to refine the geology of the bay floor as well as the bay's Holocene stratigraphy. Sidescan-sonar imagery, bathymetry, high-resolution seismic profiles, and cores show that oyster reefs occupy the crests of sandy shoals that range from 1 to 7 kilometers in length, while most of the remainder of the bay floor is covered by mud. The sandy shoals are the surficial expression of broader sand deposits associated with deltas that advanced southward into the bay between 6,400 and 4,400 years before present. The seismic and core data indicate that the extent of oyster reefs was greatest between 2,400 and 1,200 years before present and has decreased since then due to the continued input of mud to the bay by the Apalachicola River. The association of oyster reefs with the middle to late Holocene sandy delta deposits indicates that the present distribution of oyster beds is controlled in part by the geologic evolution of the estuary. For more information on the surveys involved in this project, see http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2005-001-FA and http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2006-001-FA.This point shapefile contains the interpretation of the isopach thickness of the base of mud unit based on seismic-reflection profiles collected in 2006 in Apalachicola Bay. The base of mud surface separates the late Holocene estuarine deposits into two units based on changes in the depositional history of the bay.ground condition2006053120060627None planned-85.095589-84.87526829.72509329.601369-85.095589-84.87526829.60136929.725093GeneralU.S. Geological SurveyUSGSCoastal and Marine Geology ProgramCMGPWoods Hole Coastal and Marine Science CenterWHCMSCField Activity Serial Number 06001Field Activity 2006-001-FAInfo Bank ID R-1-06-GMnavigationseismic-reflectionseismic interpretationshapefileR/V RafaelASV IRISEdgeTech FSSB 424Chirp seismicsAutonomous Surface VesselIndependently (or) Remotely Influenced Surveyorelevationoceansoceans and estuariesoceans and coastalgeoscientificInformationISO 19115 Topic CategorylocationApalachicola BayFloridaApalachicola National Estuarine Research ReserveGulf of MexicoUnited StatesSt. Vincent IslandLittle St. George IslandGeneralSt. George IslandNorth AmericaNone.The public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.ShapefileVeeAnn A. CrossU.S. Geological SurveyMarine Geologistmailing and physical address
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods HoleMA02543-1598(508) 548-8700 x2251(508) 457-2310vatnipp@usgs.govD.C. TwichellB.D. AndrewsH.L. EdmistonW.R. Stevenson2007Geophysical mapping of oyster habitats in a shallow estuary; Apalachicola Bay, Florida 1Open-File Report2006-1381Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MAU.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Programhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1381/D.C. TwichellE.A. PendletonR.Z. PooreL.E. OstermanK.W. Kelso2009Vibracore, radiocarbon, microfossil, and grain-size data from Apalachicola Bay, Florida1Open-File Report2009-1031Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MAU.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Programhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1031/E. BergeronC.R. WorleyT.F. O'Brien2007Progress in the development of shallow-water mapping systems: using an autonomous surface vehicle for shallow-water geophysical studiesSea Technologyv. 48, no. 6, p. 10-15Arlington, VACompass Publications, Inc.file://\\IGSAGIEGWSVCRX0\D$\iomega\Projects\apalach_asvarchive\finalpub_epnedits\data\shapefiles\basemud_geog.shpLocal Area Network0026.377ShapefileThe seismic data used for the interpretation comes from two different seismic systems. The bulk of the data are from the EdgeTech FSSB 424 system pole mounted on the R/V Rafael. These data were logged in SEG-Y format using SBLogger. This system had a 1/4 second fire rate. The remainder of the data, in the shallower areas, were acquired with the USGS IRIS system. IRIS is a remotely operated vehicle that has an EdgeTech FSSB 424 chirp sub-bottom profiling system mounted to it. The seismic data were recorded by JSTAR, a software package developed by EdgeTech. This system had a much faster fire rate, almost 15 times per second. The EdgeTech FSSB 424 is a chirp sub-bottom profiler that operates within a 4-24kHz frequency range. The IRIS vehicle is navigated using Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS. The antenna is mounted directly on the platform to minimize navigational error. The R/V Rafael was also navigated with an RTK GPS system with the navigation antenna approximately 1.5 meters forward of the seismic transducer. This offset was not accounted for.Two different seismic systems acquired data in Apalachicola Bay in 2006. One system was the EdgeTech FSSB 424 (4-24kHz) aboard the R/V Rafael. These data were acquired as SEG-Y files using SBLogger. The second seismic system was also an EdgeTech FSSB 424 chirp system mounted on the USGS autonomous vehicle IRIS. These data were acquired with JSTAR in JSF format and converted to SEG-Y format using a C-program written by Tom O'Brien (USGS, Woods Hole). These SEG-Y files were then converted from IEEE format to IBM floating point using SIOSEIS, and the shots were renumbered starting at one. With initial preparation work on the seismic data complete, these data and navigation needed to be loaded into Landmark SeisWorks software for interpretation. In order to load the seismic data and navigation into Landmark SeisWorks software the navigation needed to be extracted from the header of the seismic data. An AWK script was used to extract the navigation from the seismic data headers and export in UTM, Zone 16 eastings and northings, rounded to the nearest meter.2006
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods HoleMA02543U.S. Geological Survey508-548-8700508-457-2310Once the navigation is extracted from the seismic data, this navigation has to be loaded into the interpretation software. In this case, that's Landmark SeisWorks version R2003. The navigation is loaded using Data - Management - Seismic Data Manager. A new survey is created (06001 for the Rafael data, asv06 for the IRIS data). Then, Data - Import - Seismic Data Loader and point to the navigation text file. When loading the navigation, use a decimation of 0, use first shot point if duplicates are found, and overwrite data in target project if necessary. A decimation of zero was used because the IRIS navigation had already been decimated to take every 5th record from the complete navigation extracted from the headers of the IRIS seismics. The Rafael data did not need decimation. The Rafael data had a 1/4 second fire rate while the IRIS data fired at approximately 15 shots per second. Once the navigation is loaded and verified, then the actual seismic data can be loaded. To do this, use PostStack Data Loader. There was a small issue in working with seismic data in SeisWorks where it's better to have all the seismic profiles at the same sample rate. It's a display issue in the interpretation phase where opening a profile in a window with a different sample rate than the previously loaded profile doesn't always refresh the window properly. The result is an incorrect interpretation - the interpreted line falls in the wrong spot vertically. The seismic data were resampled to the same sample rate to eliminate this problem. The Rafael acquired data used to different sample rates: 40 microseconds and 80 microseconds. The Rafael seismics were all resampled to 40 microseconds in the PostStack data loader. Additionally, the lines had an automatic 8-bit scaling applied to each profile. The IRIS seismic lines were acquired with two sample rates - 23 microseconds and 46 microseconds. All of the lines were resampled to a 40 microsecond sampling interval in PostStack data loader and had an automatic 8-bit scaling applied to each profile. With the seismic data now loaded, the project has to be modified so these changes are reflected in the surveys and the data can be interpreted. 2007VeeAnn A. CrossU.S. Geological SurveyMarine Geologistmailing and physical address
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods HoleMA02543-1598(508) 548-8700 x2251(508) 457-2310vatnipp@usgs.govThe base of mud surface separates the late Holocene estuarine deposits into two units based on changes in the depositional history of the bay. The older unit is characterized by closely-spaced weak-amplitude reflectors that locally are capped by a single high-amplitude flat-lying reflector. The younger unit is acoustically transparent, buries the weak-amplitude unit and onlaps and in places completely buries the high-amplitude reflectors. The unit is best represented as an isopach due to the nature of the surface (sometimes very thin but present and in other places uninterpretable from the seismics). The base of mud horizon in some areas of the seismics pinches out and other areas it couldn't be interpreted. These areas that were uninterpretable have to be accounted for, otherwise when this horizon is merged with the sea floor to generate the isopach map - the non-interpretable areas would appear as pinch outs. The interpreter (Dave Twichell) actually generated several base of mud horizons in Landmark - and all of these horizons had to be merged together. Landmark only allows two horizons to be merged at a time, so these individual horizons were merged in a series of process steps. The obvious data were in the horizon "base_of mud". These interpreted lines were merged with base_of_mud-poor_data to form basemud_mrg1. Then basemud_mrg1 was merged with base_of_oyster-top _of_delta_sand to form basemud_mrg2. In order to distinguish where mud pinched out and where the mud just couldn't be seen to interpret, a new horizon "mud_cant_interpret" was created. This horizon will be in the water column - exactly where it's located doesn't matter as long as it's above the sea floor. The idea is that this horizon can be merged with the mud prior to merging the mud horizon with the sea floor. Then when the sea floor horizon is subtracted from the mud horizon to generate the isopach unit the negative values will be obvious and can be deleted. So the next merge is to merge basemud_mrg2 with mud_cant _interpret to form basemud_mrg4. Then to generate a complete unit over the study area, merge basemud_mrg4 with sea floor to create basemud_mrg5. And finally, the mud isopach data is placed in basemud_mrg5_minus_sf by basemud_mrg5 minus seafloor. The interpretation of the various surfaces was done by Dave Twichell while the merging of the interpreted layers was done by VeeAnn Cross.2007David C. TwichellU.S. Geological SurveyOceanographermailing and physical addressWoods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center384 Woods Hole Rd.Woods HoleMA02543-1598(508) 548-8700 x2266(508) 457-2310dtwichell@usgs.govOnce the interpretation is complete, the unit is exported as a text file with the line name, easting, northing, and the depth to the unit - in this case that depth represents an isopach thickness - in milliseconds (two-way travel time). This process step and all subsequent process steps were overseen by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross.2008VeeAnn A. CrossU.S. Geological SurveyMarine Geologistmailing and physical addressWoods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center384 Woods Hole Rd.Woods HoleMA02543-1598(508) 548-8700 x2251(508) 457-2310vatnipp@usgs.govA header line is added to the exported text file, and converted from a tab-delimited file to a comma-delimited file. The negative millisecond values are deleted at this time.2008ArcMap 9.2 was used to load this text file as an event theme using Tools - Add XY data. The projection is defined on input as UTM, Zone 16, WGS84.2008This event theme is converted to a shapefile by right mouse click - Data - Export Data and generating the output shapefile bmmrg5.shp.2008Any points falling outside Apalachicola Bay were deleted. The attribute filter_ms was added to the shapefile. Any points known to fall within 75 meters of man-made features such as spoil areas and dredged navigation channels had the filter_ms attribute set to a value of -9999 (standard NODATA value). These points were flagged using the Selection tool - Select by Location. Points were selected in the shapefile that intersected with ApalachicolaBaseMap polygon shapefile with a buffer applied to the polygon of 75 meters. The ApalachicolaBaseMap polygon is available from USGS Open-File Report 2006-1381. Field calculator was used to fill the attribute filter_ms with -9999 values in the selected records.201103212008The attribute "mtrs_1800" was added to the shapefile. Field calculator was used to convert the seismic two-way millisecond travel time to meters using a speed of sound of 1800 meters per second. Records with the value -9999 in the filter_ms attribute were selected and the -9999 value was copied to the mtrs_1800 attribute.2008The original shapefile in UTM, Zone 16, WGS84 was projected to Geographic, WGS84 using ArcMap 9.2 - ArcToolbox - Data Management Tools - Projections and Transformations - Feature - Project. No datum transformation was necessary.2010All useable seismic-reflection profiles collected in 2006 within Apalachicola Bay were used in the interpretation.The R/V Rafael acquired data recording navigation using a Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS at a one second interval. The GPS antenna was mounted over the bathymetric sonar. The seismic pole mount system was on the starboard side and approximately 1.5 meters aft of the bathymetry system. No offset was added to the navigation for the seismic data. For seismic data collected with the IRIS system, an RTK GPS system was also used. The GPS antenna for IRIS was mounted directly over the seismic transducer. This system can provide positions to within 0.1 meters. However, due to some errors with the acquisition software, this accuracy is reduced. The accuracy is approximately 2 m given the constraints of the acquisition system.For the Rafael seismic system, the transducers were located approximately 1 meter below the water surface. This offset was not adjusted for. For the IRIS system, the transducers are barely below the water surface, less than half a meter. This depth is not adjusted for.All the data were handled in the same manner.Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4000basemud_geog-85.095589-84.87526829.72509329.6013691-85.095589-84.87526829.72509329.6013691enFGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local timeVeeAnn A. CrossU.S. Geological SurveyMarine Geologistmailing and physical address
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods HoleMA02543-1598(508) 548-8700 x2251(508) 457-2310vatnipp@usgs.gov20120412http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata ProfileISO 19115 Geographic Information - MetadataDIS_ESRI1.0datasetDownloadable Data7.99 MB6.377WinZip9.0This WinZip file contains the point shapefile as well as the associated metadata files.http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1003/data/shapefiles/basemud_geog.ziphttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1003/html/catalog.htmlNone.VeeAnn A. CrossU.S. Geological SurveyMarine Geologistmailing and physical address
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods HoleMA02543-1598(508) 548-8700 x2251(508) 457-2310vatnipp@usgs.govNeither the U.S. government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.This WinZip file contains data available in ESRI point shapefile format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the WinZip file and reading/displaying the shapefile.VectorSimplePointFALSE238796TRUEFALSEEntity point238796GCS_WGS_1984D_WGS_1984WGS_19846378137.000000298.257224Decimal degrees0.0000010.000001Mean lower low watermetersExplicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates0.1GCS_WGS_19842387962128575Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)18675Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)basemud_geogFeature Class238796ESRI point shapefileESRIFIDFIDOID400Internal feature number.ESRISequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.ShapeShapeGeometry000Feature geometry.ESRICoordinates defining the features.eastingeastingFloat19Easting coordinate of the point in meters, UTM Zone 16, WGS84.U.S. Geological Survey684365.14705608.91meters11northingnorthingFloat19Northing coordinate of the point in meters, UTM Zone 16, WGS84.U.S. Geological Survey3276237.223290109.99meters11msmsFloat1903.79millisecondsThe depth below the sea floor to the base of the mud in milliseconds two-way travel time.Software calculated.11linelineString254Line name used in Landmark SeisWorks as the unique identifier for each seismic line.Data processor.Character set.filter_msfilter_msFloat19Where the base of mud points are within 75 meters of a man-made feature. In these cases this attribute is set to the NODATA value of -9999. Otherwise, the ms attribute is present here. This enables points to be excluded based on a selection criteria.Data processor.03.79milliseconds11mtrs_1800mtrs_1800Float13The depth below the sea floor to the base of the mud converted from milliseconds to meters based on a speed of sound of 1800 meters per second. Values of -9999 reflect those same values in the filter_ms attribute.Data processor.03.411meters11Depth values are recorded as negatives with more negative values indicating deeper water.20120412