Bernard, Hubbard, Mack, Thomas J., and Thompson, Allyson, 2012, Lineament Analysis of Mineral Areas of Interest in Afghanistan: Automatically delineated lineaments using 15-m TM imagery: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1048, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.This is part of the following larger work.
Hubbard, Bernard, Mack, Thomas J., and Thompson, Allyson, 2012, Lineament Analysis of Mineral Areas of Interest in Afghanistan: Open File Report 2012-1048, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
The map projection used is Transverse Mercator.
Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 15
Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 15
Planar coordinates are specified in meters
The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
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Water wells in bedrock aquifers tend to be most productive in areas where fractures intersect to form fracture networks. Lineaments represent possible expressions of fracture zones at the land surface. Mapped lineaments may serve as indications of structurally trending mineralized areas, or surface vegetation growth near groundwater- filled fracture zones or locations of near-surface water resources. The purpose of this coverage is to map the distribution of lineaments useful for both locating potential groundwater resources in Afghanistan and for interpreting (possible) structural controls on mineralized areas mapped using a variety of other remote-sensing datasets. Mapped lineaments range in length from greater than 0.2 km to less than 24 km, with features less than 0.1 km excluded from the trend analysis included in the accompanying report. Approximately 82 percent of Afghanistan was mapped, covering all 24 mineralized areas of interest(AOIs) highlighted by Peters and others (2007; 2011). These data were compiled for inclusion in "Bidding Packages" developed for the Task Force for Business and Stability Operations (TFBSO) of the Department of Defense in an interagency agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey of the Department of the Interior. It can be used by potential investors, along with other information, in assessing mineral and hydrologic resources at areas of interest identified by the TFBSO and the Government of Afghanistan, Afghanistan Geological Survey of the Afghanistan Ministry of Mines.
Davis, Philip A., 2006, Calibrated Landsat ETM+ Nonthermal-Band Image Mosaics of Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1345, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
elp151r036_7t20010928 elp152r034_7t20010802 elp152r035_7t20010802 elp152r036_7t20011005 elp152r037_7t20001018 elp153r034_7t20010708 elp153r035_7t20010708 elp153r036_7t19991007 elp153r037_7t20001025 elp154r035_7t20010629 elp154r036_7t20010629 elp154r037_7t20000525 elp154r038_7t20010629 elp155r036_7t20010503 elp155r037_7t20010503 elp155r038_7t20010503 elp155r039_7t20010503 elp155r040_7t20010503 elp156r036_7t20010627 elp156r037_7t20010627 elp156r038_7t20010510 elp156r039_7t20010510 elp157r036_7t19990816 elp157r037_7t20010517 elp158r035_7t20010711 elp158r036_7t20000708 elp158r037_7t20010625Additional metadata and description of these scenes (including sun- angle information) are provided by Davis (2006) and tabulated based on scene path and row ID order. For example, all of the 27 scenes used here were acquired either during latest spring(May), summer (June through August), or earliest fall (September), with high sun angles greater than 55-60°. Although high sun-angle scenes are preferable for spectral classification methods used to derive mineral and lithologic maps (for example, Mars and Rowan, 2007), low sun-angle scenes (for example, latest fall, winter, and earliest spring) are preferable for lineament mapping (Sabins, 2007). In this case, other than scene-edge boundaries, no attempt was made to correct lineament errors, such as mapped ridgeline and catchment boundaries, which are usually enhanced under high sun-angle lighting conditions (for example, Hung and others, 2005).
RADI = 24 GTHR = 94 LTHR = 50 FTHR = 7 ATHR = 40 DTHR = 30These input parameters were based on initial lineament mapping results applied on a trial-by-error basis to match the patterns of linearly trending vegetation, phyllic-mineralized areas, and mapped faults using the same ASTER scene covering parts of the Argandab igneous intrusive complex of Afghanistan as rendered by Mars and Rowan (2007). These same input parameters were tested on ASTER scenes covering portions of the Dushar-Shaida copper and tin AOI and "tourmaline tin"-bearing AOI, both south of Herat. The resulting maps of lineament and vegetation features were field checked and verified in both the overhead aerial flybys and on the ground by Thomas Mack during field reconnaissance on 08/06/2010.
Person who carried out this activity:
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Edited by Peters, Stephen G., Ludington, Stephen D., Orris, Greta J., Sutphin, David M., Bliss, James D., and Rytuba, James J., 2007, Preliminary Non-Fuel Mineral Resource Assessment of Afghanistan 2007: Open-File Report 2007-1214, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.Online Links:
The mapped lineaments have no important attributes other than their geospatial position and intersections to help identify potential groundwater resources
Horizontal accuracy is based on the Landsat ETM+ base images from which the lineament maps were derived. No attempt was made to either orthorectify or radiometrically correct the base ETM+ images or use such products compiled by Davis (2006). The original, uncorrected Landsat scenes were used. Also, no attempt was made to compare horizontal map accuracy with those of published maps and (or) orthorectified base imagery from other sources.
Lineaments presented here were observed only within the mineral areas of interest defined by a previous study; their extent within Afghanistan outside these areas of interest was not determined as part of this study.
The process used to identify lineaments here was applied uniformly throughout the study area.
Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
- Access_Constraints: none
- Use_Constraints: none
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USGS Open-File Report 2012-1048
This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards (or with the North American Stratigraphic Code). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
| Data format: | Shapefile (version 1.0) Size: 0.982 |
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| Network links: |
<http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1048/> |
(703) 648-6155 (voice)
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bhubbard@usgs.gov