Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Wayne Baldwin
      Publication_Date: 2013
      Title: Urelevhs: Hillshaded relief image derived from elevations of the late-Wisconsinan regressive unconformity beneath the Massachusetts inner continental shelf between Nahant and Northern Cape Cod Bay (GeoTIFF Image; UTM, Zone 19N, WGS 84)
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Open-File Report
        Issue_Identification: 2012-1157
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/GIS_catalog/Stratigraphy/Ur/Ur_hs_50m.zip
      Larger_Work_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Pendleton, E.A.
          Originator: Baldwin, W.E.
          Originator: Barnhardt., W.A.
          Originator: Ackerman, S.D.
          Originator: Foster, D.S.
          Originator: Andrews, B.D.
          Originator: Schwab, W.C.
          Publication_Date: 2013
          Title: Shallow Geology, Sea-floor Texture, and Physiographic Zones of the Inner Continental Shelf from Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 2012-1157
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
          Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/
  Description:
    Abstract: These data are qualitatively derived interpretive polygon shapefiles and selected source raster data defining surficial geology, sediment type and distribution, and physiographic zones of the sea floor from Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay. Much of the geophysical data used to create the interpretive layers were collected under a cooperative agreement among the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of seafloor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes because of natural or human effects. The project is focused on the inshore waters of coastal Massachusetts. Data collected during the mapping cooperative involving the USGS have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/html/current_map.html). The interpretations released in this study are for an area extending from the southern tip of Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts. A combination of geophysical and sample data including high resolution bathymetry and lidar, acoustic-backscatter intensity, seismic-reflection profiles, bottom photographs, and sediment samples are used to create the data interpretations. Most of the nearshore geophysical and sample data (including the bottom photographs) were collected during several cruises between 2000 and 2008. More information about the cruises and the data collected can be found at the Geologic Mapping of the Seafloor Offshore of Massachusetts Web page: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/.
    Purpose: This data set contains a grid representing hillshaded relief derived from elevations (NAVD88) of the late-Wisconsinan regressive unconformity beneath the Massachusetts inner shelf between Nahant and northern Cape Cod Bay. These data are useful for assessing relations between geologic framework, sea-bed morphology, and sediment textural trends.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 20060804
        Ending_Date: 20080507
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition of data used to derive the interpretation
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.828717
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.299030
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.347379
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.927962
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: USGS
      Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Theme_Keyword: CMGP
      Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
      Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
      Theme_Keyword: Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management
      Theme_Keyword: CZM
      Theme_Keyword: Sea floor
      Theme_Keyword: Marine Geology
      Theme_Keyword: Seismic-reflection Profiles
      Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2006-012-FA
      Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2007-001-FA
      Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2007-002-FA
      Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2008-002-FA
      Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF
      Theme_Keyword: EdgeTech
      Theme_Keyword: 512i
      Theme_Keyword: 424
      Theme_Keyword: Knudsen
      Theme_Keyword: 3200
      Theme_Keyword: Seismic Interpretation
      Theme_Keyword: Geologic Framework
      Theme_Keyword: Regressive Unconformity
      Theme_Keyword: Hillshaded relief
      Theme_Keyword: interpretation
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
      Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay
      Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
      Place_Keyword: Boston Harbor
      Place_Keyword: Nahant
      Place_Keyword: Boston
      Place_Keyword: Hull
      Place_Keyword: Boston Harbor Islands
      Place_Keyword: Duxbury
      Place_Keyword: Provincetown
      Place_Keyword: Plymouth
      Place_Keyword: Scituate
      Place_Keyword: Cohasset
      Place_Keyword: Manomet
      Place_Keyword: Winthrop
      Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Bay
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints:
    Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution.  Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.
    Additionally, there are limitations associated with eologic mapping interpretations. Because of the scale and line spacing of the source seismic profiles, not all changes in seafloor geology are captured. Horizons are inferred between seismic lines, and unit exents and thicknesses should be considered an approximation of the location of a change in geology. Further, a constant seismic velocity of 1,500 m/s was assumed for all profiles in all sediment types, which may result in inaccurate depths of stratigraphic units.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/GIS_catalog/Stratigraphy/Ur/Urhs_browse.png
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: browse image of Esri grid representing Ur hillshaded relief
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: png
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4000
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Robert N. Oldale
      Originator: Jennifer Bick
      Publication_Date: 1987
      Title: Maps and Seismic Profiles Showing Geology of the Inner Continental Shelf, Massachusetts Bay, Massachusetts
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
        Issue_Identification: MF-1923
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Other_Citation_Details: 4 sheets
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Robert N. Oldale
      Originator: Charles J. O'Hara
      Publication_Date: 1990
      Title: Maps Showing the Geology of the Inner Continental Shelf, Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
        Issue_Identification: MF-2118
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Other_Citation_Details: 4 sheets
      Online_Linkage: http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5718.htm
Data_Quality_Information:
  Logical_Consistency_Report: CHIRP seismic-reflection data used to interpret regional geologic framework were collected during USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activities 2006-012-FA, 2007-001-FA, 2007-002-FA, and 2008-002-FA.  The geologic framework interpretations in this report were correlated with previous interpretations by Oldale and Bick (1987) and Oldale and O'Hara (1990) for Massachusetts and Cape Cod bays, respectively.
  Completeness_Report: All CHIRP seismic reflection data collected during USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center field activities 2006-012-FA, 2007-001-FA, 2007-002-FA, and 2008-002-FA were used to interpret stratigraphic units and unconformities.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigational accuracy of the seismic-reflection data used for this interpretation was assumed to be ± 10 to 20 meters. Refer to seismic trackline metadata in Barnhardt and others (2010; http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1072/GIS/hyperlink_images/seisimage/DH_SeismicProfiles_metadata.html) and Andrews and others (2010; http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/GIS/hyperlink_images/seisimage/CCB_seismicprofiles_metadata.html) for specific seismic data aqcuisition parameters and accuracy reports.
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The nominal resolution of the CHIRP seismic-reflection systems is 0.5 meter. The vertical resolution of the bathymetric grid used in generating the regressive unconformity elevation is 0.5 m (referenced to NAVD88). Overall vertical accuracy is assumed to be +/- 0.5 meter.
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Walter A. Barnhardt
          Originator: Seth D. Ackerman
          Originator: Brian D. Andrews
          Originator: Wayne E. Baldwin
          Publication_Date: 2010
          Title: Geophysical and Sampling Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Duxbury to Hull, Massachusetts.
          Edition: 1.0
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 2009-1072
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
          Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1072/>
      Type_of_Source_Media: online
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Range_of_Dates/Times:
            Beginning_Date: 20060804
            Ending_Date: 20070503
        Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Barnhardt and others, 2010
      Source_Contribution: Shallow geologic framework and surficial geology were interpreted from approximately 1920 trackline kilometers of CHIRP seismic-reflection profiles that were collected during two separate U.S. Geological Survey field activities (2006-012-FA and 2007-001-FA) .  Final, post-processed profiles were used to make the interpretations.  Thorough descriptions of acquisition and processing parameters for each survey are provided by Barnhardt and others (2010) in the methods section and seismic-reflection metadata.
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Brian D. Andrews
          Originator: Seth D. Ackerman
          Originator: Wayne E. Baldwin
          Originator: Walter A. Barnhardt
          Publication_Date: 2010
          Title: Geophysical and Sampling Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts
          Edition: 1.0
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 2010-1006
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
          Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/>
      Type_of_Source_Media: online
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Range_of_Dates/Times:
            Beginning_Date: 20070429
            Ending_Date: 20080507
        Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Andrews and others, 2010
      Source_Contribution: Shallow geologic framework and surficial geology were interpreted from approximately 3270 trackline kilometers of CHIRP seismic-reflection profiles that were collected during two separate U.S. Geological Survey field activities (2007-002-FA and 2008-002-FA).  Final, post-processed profiles were used to make the interpretations.  Thorough descriptions of acquisition and processing parameters for each survey are provided by Andrews and others (2010) in methods sections and seismic-reflection metadata.
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: CHIRP seismic reflection data were interpreted using Landmark SeisWorks 2D (R5000) seismic interpretation software.  Interpretation consisted of identifying and digitizing erosional unconformites defining the boundaries between Holocene, Pleistocene, and pre-Quaternary seismic units, and digitizing the extent over which each of the defined sub-surface seismic units crops out on the seafloor. An isochron representing the two-way travel time between the late-Wisonsinan regressive unconformity and the Holocene transgressive unconformity horizons was computed, then sampled at a 30-meter along track interval and exported from SeisWorks as ASCII text.  Awk (no version) was used to convert two-way travel times to thickness in meters using a constant seismic velocity of 1500 m/s.
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne E. Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: U.S. Geological Survey
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543-1598
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Mass points representing the isopach computed in the previous step were imported into ArcMap (9.3.1) as point features (easting, northing, thickness) using the 'Add XY data' function, then saved as a point shapefile.  The new point shapefile was used as the sole input for the ArcMap (9.3.1) Spatial Analyst Tool 'Topo to Raster' to create an interpolated grid of the isopach with a 50 meter cell size. A polygon shapefile traced around the input mass-points was used to clip the isochron grid to the limits of the interpreted area using the ArcMap (9.3.1) Spatial Analyst tool 'Extract by Mask'.
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne E. Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: U.S. Geological Survey
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543-1598
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The ArcMap (9.3.1) Spatial Analyst 'Raster Calculator' was used to set grid cells with thickness values less than 0.5 meters to null, then add the isopach grid to the Holocene transgressive unconformity DEM ('utelev') to produce a new grid representing the NAVD88 elevation of the regressive unconformity.
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne E. Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: U.S. Geological Survey
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543-1598
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: ArcMap (9.3.1) Spatial Analyst 'Surface Analysis' was used to derive a hillshaded-relief DEM (using default parameters) from elevation of the Holocene transgressive unconformity DEM.
      Process_Date: 2012
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne E. Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: U.S. Geological Survey
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543-1598
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
    Row_Count: 916
    Column_Count: 859
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 19
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
            False_Easting: 500000.000000
            False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 50.000000
          Ordinate_Resolution: 50.000000
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: urelevhs.tif.vat
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: OID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: VALUE
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: COUNT
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Wayne E. Baldwin
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: WinZip
        Format_Version_Number: 14.5
        Format_Specification: GeoTIFF
        Format_Information_Content: WinZip file contains a GeoTIFF and a world file (and associated metadata) that defines hillshaded relief derived from elevations of the late-Wisconsinan regressive unconformity beneath the Massachusetts inner shelf between Nahant and northern Cape Cod Bay.
        File_Decompression_Technique: zip
        Transfer_Size: 140 KB
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/GIS_catalog/Stratigraphy/Ur/Ur_hs_50m.zip
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/html/GIS_catalog.html
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/
          Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW)
    Fees: None
  Technical_Prerequisites: The image contained in the zip file is available as a GeoTIFF with a world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, or an image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a TIFF image.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20130702
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Wayne E. Baldwin
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: U.S. Geological Survey
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543-1598
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile