Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Brandy N.G. Armstrong Originator: John C. Warner Originator: George Voulgaris Originator: Jeffrey H. List Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: Marinna A. Martini Originator: Ellyn T. Montgomery Originator: Jesse McNinch Originator: Jeffrey Book Originator: Kevin Haas Publication_Date: 2013 Title: Carolinas Coastal Change Processes Project Data Report for nearshore observations at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, February, 2010 Edition: 1 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2012-1219 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1219/ Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology Program in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, is leading an effort to understand the regional sediment dynamics along the coastline of North and South Carolina. The Carolinas Coastal Change Processes (CCCP) Project examines the interactions between oceanographic forcing, geologic conditions, and the resulting changes to topography of the inner shelf, nearshore, and subaerial beach regions. This Open File Report provides an overview of an oceanographic field study in February 2010 to investigate processes that control the dynamics of sediment transport at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. To investigate processes that control the dynamics of sediment transport at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina the study conducted six different field activities in the study area. A camera mounted on the lighthouse and georeferenced targets were installed to capture images of the surf zone providing estimates of along shore ocean current speed. A single high frequency (48 MHz) Wellen Radar (WERA) site was installed on the dunes to estimate wind, wave and current conditions. Nearshore surveys were conducted to acquire subaqueous bathymetry and subaerial topography. Uranine dye was injected into the surf zone, aerial targets were installed and aerial photographs were taken to help visualize the circulation dynamics at Cape Point. Oceanographic instruments were deployed to collect wave and current data at 11 sites in the nearshore and at three offshore locations. Figure 1 identifies locations of the equipment for the Nearshore (sites starting with ‘N’), Offshore (sites starting with ‘O’), Lighthouse, and WERA sites. During this field study a benthic unattended generator (BUG) was deployed on the south side of the cape close to the nearshore sites by the Naval Research Lab (NRL) to test the fuel cell’s ability to generate electrical power in-situ. Data from this field study are available to support NRL’s analysis of the BUG data. This data report presents background information on the impetus for understanding coastal change processes in the nearshore at Cape Hatteras, a description of the field program including the oceanographic instrumentation used to collect data, and the data processing and archival techniques used. This report also provides access to all observational data related to the field study, available in digital form. The edited data are presented in time series plots for rapid visualization of the data set, and in data files which are in the network common data format (NetCDF). Purpose:This Open File Report provides information about an oceanographic field study that occurred in February 2010. The study investigated processes that control nearshore flow and sediment transport dynamics at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. The report describes the project background, field program, instrumentation setup, and locations of the sensor deployments. The data collected, and supporting meteorological and streamflow observations, are presented as time-series plots for data visualtization. Additionally, the data are made available via links to online files. For more informatoin see http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2010/10011/. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 201002 Ending_Date: 201003 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.5437 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.5039 North_Bounding_Coordinate: +35.2636 South_Bounding_Coordinate: +35.0147 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: Oceanographic observations Theme_Keyword: Current Theme_Keyword: Temperature Theme_Keyword: Velocity Theme_Keyword: Pressure Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: netCDF Theme_Keyword: R/V Lighter Amphibious Resupply Cargo (LARC) Theme_Keyword: 2010-011-FA Theme_Keyword: Open File Report Theme_Keyword: OFR Theme_Keyword: Current Profiler Theme_Keyword: Surface Wave Characteristics Theme_Keyword: Surface Dye Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: Diamond Shoals Place_Keyword: Cape Hatteras, North Carolina Place_Keyword: Cape Hatteras Place_Keyword: South Atlantic Bight Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: Southeast Place_Keyword: NC Place_Keyword: North Carolina Place_Keyword: Outer banks Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2010 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Data presented within this publication are in the public domain. Please acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal Marine Geology Program as the source of this data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: John C. Warner Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 457-8700 x2237 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jcwarner@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: This research was funded by the Carolinas Coastal Change Project (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1156/), a study supported by the USGS. This research was funded by the Carolinas Coastal Change Project (http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/1219/), a study supported by the USGS. Many thanks to the National Park Service Outer Banks Group for their support and cooperation during the study. John Warner was the chief scientist. We thank the following personnel for their dedication and hard work during the deployment: USGS divers Chuck Worley, Dann Blackwood, Sandy Baldwin, Michael Casso, BJ Reynolds, and Jordan Sanford; photographer Don Bowers; USGS technicians Jonathan Borden and Brandy Armstrong; USACE Lighter Amphibious Resupply Cargo (LARC) personnel Ray Townsend, Jason Pipes, and Mike Forte; Georgia Tech Savannah students Stephanie Smallegan, Adam Sapp, Thomas Gay, and Xiufeng Yang; University of South Carolina technicians and students Jeff Morin and Kumar Nirnimesh; and Virginia Institute of Marine Science student Kate Brodie. Ellyn Montgomery helped oversee and process the time series data. Christine Sabens, Ellyn Montgomery helped prepare for deployment and recovery. Jonathan Borden helped during preparation and deployment of the physical oceanographic instrumentation. The reviewers provided useful reviews of this report. This research was funded by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Mention of trade names does not implu U.S. government endorsement of commercial products. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.T. Montgomery Originator: M.A. Martini Originator: F.L. Lightsom Originator: Bradford Butman Publication_Date: 2008 Title: Documentation of the U.S. Geological Survey Oceanographic Time Series Measurement Database Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2007-1194 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1194/ Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: Data are logically consistent. See Process_Description. Completeness_Report: The data have been edited to remove outlying points and data recorded when the instruments were out of the water (before and after deployment. All offshore sites were collected in earth and converted to beam. Site O3 is missing some data in the middle of the record. This section of data could not be converted from earth to beam. Sites 7 and 10 could not be deployed due to the shallow depth of the sites selected, high winds and rough seas. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The mooring deployment locations (latitude and longitude) were recorded based on the Lighter Amphibious Resupply Cargo's onboard Real-Time Kinematic Global Positioning Satellite (RTK-GPS). Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The ADCP sensors record water depth (meters) as mean sea level from a pressure sensor. The remaining sensor have height measure in meters above bottom as a function of instrument mount location on the tripod as measured prior to deployment. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: FIELD PROGRAM Instruments to measure water flow, sea level, temperature, and surface wave characteristics were deployed and recovered near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina In February 2010. The field program included deploying equipment at eleven sites in the nearshore surf zone and at three offshore locations. The nearshore sites consisted of 11 jetted pole mounts with instruments to measure ocean currents, water levels, wave heights, and wave directions. Seven of these instruments were Aquadopp (current profiler utilizing Doppeler technology) 1 Mhz profilers (N1, N2, N3, N6, N8, N11, and N12). Three sites (N4, N5, and N9) were Teledyne RD Instruments (T-RDI) 1200 Khz ADCPs. Site N13 consisted of an acoustic Doppler velocimeter-Triton (ADV) and an acoustic backscatter sensor (ABS). These instruments were deployed on stainless steel pipes that are 4.26 meters long. Each pipe was jetted into the sea floor to a depth of about 3 meters, leaving approximately 1.2 meters above the sediment interface. The instruments were mounted on a cantilever arm attached to the pipes approximately 40-60 cm above the bottom. The 3 offshore sites consisted of a trawl resistant bottom mount (TRBM) containing an Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) deployed in water depths of 8-10 meters. Sites were deployed and recovered on different days due to weather conditions. Additionally other data were collected from a dye study, a camera system located on the lighthouse, Wellen Radar (WERA) installed on the dunes, nearshore surveys and a benthic underwater generator. The instruments were deployed and recovered aboard the Lighter Amphibious Resupply Cargo (LARC), a research vessel owned and operated by the US Army Corp of Engineers (USACE). Process_Date: 201002 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Ellyn Montgomery Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-457-8700 x2356 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: emontgomery@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: DATA PROCESSING After recovery of the instruments, proprietary software from each specific instrument manufacturer was used to download sensor measurements from each instrument and decode those measurements to instrument-specific data formats. The data were then converted from instrument-specific formats and calibrated. Units were modified to scientific EPIC-standard units (http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/epic/ ), and the data were stored in network common data format (NetCDF). EPIC is a set of standards that allow researchers from different organizations to share oceanographic data without having to translate "foreign" data types into the local vernacular. NetCDF is a very general, self-documenting, machine-transportable data format created and supported by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) (http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/ ). After the conversion, the data were carefully checked for inconsistencies due to instrument malfunctions and biological fouling and then edited to remove these spurious points. Also, the beginning and end of each data series were truncated to remove data collected out of water. The data were carefully checked at each stage of processing. After final editing, the data are considered to be the "best basic version" and include all variables recorded at the basic sampling interval. Best basic versions of most data files in NetCDF format are included in this report (see the Digital Data Files page). Additional documentation of the data processing for all instruments as well as a description of the quality-control and review process can be found in Montgomery et al. (2008). Data and processing descriptions for site N13, the lighthouse camera system, WERA, nearshore surveys and BUG are not included in this report. For inquiries regarding site N13, the lighthouse camera system, WERA, nearshore surveys and BUG data please see the contact information on the Digital Data Files page. All data should be used and interpreted with care. Process_Date: 2010 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: John C. Warner Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1498 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 457-8700 x2237 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jcwarner@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data available from links within the publication: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1219/. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1219/ Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: The user must be capable of reading netCDF files. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20130318 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brandy N.G. Armstrong Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 457-8700 x2256 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: barmstrong@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am - 4 pm Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile