Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance: Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux for oil-sand balls

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Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: P. Soupy Dalyander
Originator: Joseph W. Long
Originator: Nathaniel G. Plant
Originator: David Thompson
Publication_Date: 2012
Title:
Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance: Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux for oil-sand balls
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report (OFR)
Issue_Identification: 2012-1234
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/datafiles.html>
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Nathaniel G. Plant
Originator: Joseph W. Long
Originator: P.Soupy Dalyander
Originator: David Thompson
Publication_Date: 2012
Title:
Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance
Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report (OFR)
Issue_Identification: 2012-1234
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/>
Description:
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey has developed a method for estimating the mobility and potential alongshore transport of heavier-than-water sand and oil agglomerates (tarballs or surface residual balls, SRBs). During the Deepwater Horizon spill, some oil that reached the surf zone of the northern Gulf of Mexico mixed with suspended sediment and sank to form sub-tidal mats. If not removed, these mats can break apart to form SRBs and subsequently re-oil the beach. A method was developed for estimating SRB mobilization and alongshore movement. A representative suite of wave conditions was identified from buoy data for April, 2010, until August, 2012, and used to drive a numerical model of the spatially-variant alongshore currents. Potential mobilization of SRBs was estimated by comparing combined wave- and current-induced shear stress from the model to critical stress values for several sized SRBs. Potential alongshore flux of SRBs was also estimated to identify regions more or less likely to have SRBs deposited under each scenario. This methodology was developed to explain SRB movement and redistribution in the alongshore, interpret observed re-oiling events, and thus inform re-oiling mitigation efforts.
Purpose:
This GIS layer contains an estimate of the surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) of various size surface residual balls (SRBs) in the shallow northern Gulf of Mexico (Alabama and portion of the Florida coast) for a single set of wave conditions. This value is an estimate of the total alongshore flux in the surf zone at each alongshore location, assuming the entire seafloor was covered with SRBs of the given size and density. Because the seafloor is not covered in SRBs, this potential flux identifies patterns in transport and does quantify the actual flux at any given location or time. This output is based on numerical model output of wave and circulation patterns for a given wave height scenario, corresponding to a particular set of offshore wave conditions at NOAA NDBC buoy 42040. The specific wave conditions are indicated by the file name (of format Hh_Dd_potential_flux) and in the attributes table and may be found by comparing the scenario name (Hh_Dd) to the look-up table in wave_scenarios.txt. Characteristics of SRB classes may be found in the look-up table included in the GIS zip file, SRB_casses.txt. This data layer is intended to show patterns in transport (convergences, divergences, and gradients) for intended use by individuals in SRB mitigation attempting to explain redistribution of SRBs under specific wave conditions.
Supplemental_Information:
This data layer is a subset of USGS Open-File Report 2012-1234, Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Model Application for OSAT3 Guidance. It is part of a set of data layers describing potential flux for a range of wave climate scenarios. The specific wave conditions are indicated by the file name (of format Hh_Dd_SRBs_flux), and in attributes in the shapefile, and may be found by comparing the scenario name (Hh_Dd) to the look-up table in wave_scenarios.txt. SRB class properties may be found in the look-up table included in the GIS zip file, SRB_casses.txt.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20100401
Ending_Date: 20120801
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Planned
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.712143
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -85.506075
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.396484
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.970005
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Theme_Keyword: bottom shear stress
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: CMGP
Theme_Keyword: wave
Theme_Keyword: current
Theme_Keyword: Delft3D
Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: SPCMSC
Theme_Keyword: tarballs
Theme_Keyword: surface residual balls
Theme_Keyword: SRBs
Theme_Keyword: sediment mobility
Theme_Keyword: surf zone
Theme_Keyword: alongshore currents
Theme_Keyword: wave-driven currents
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 9115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico
Place_Keyword: Florida
Place_Keyword: Alabama
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: North America
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Place_Keyword: Mobile Bay
Place_Keyword: Pensacola Bay
Place_Keyword: Choctawhatchee Bay
Place_Keyword: Santa Rosa
Place_Keyword: Fort Pickens
Place_Keyword: Gulf Shores
Place_Keyword: Panama City
Place_Keyword: Little Lagoon
Stratum:
Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Stratum_Keyword: seafloor
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: model_bathymetry.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Graphic showing the numerical model domain over which analysis is conducted.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095

Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The attributes in this data layer correspond to surf-zone integrated potential flux (in kg/s) estimates for various sized surface residual balls (SRBs) (specific parameters may be found in the included SRB_classes.txt files) for the wave conditions of Hh_Dd, characteristics of which may be found in the included wave_scenarios.txt file. Statistical values will vary if a different numerical model is used for the hydrodynamics, or if a different method is used in calculating flux. The quantitative value calculated assumes the entire seafloor is covered with SRBs of the given size and density; since this is not the case, the output provides patterns in transport for use in identifying likely areas of deposition and is not quantitatively meaningful in terms of actual flux at any point in time or space.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
No duplicate features are present. All polygons are closed, and all lines intersect where intended. No undershoots or overshoots are present.
Completeness_Report:
All model output values were used in the calculation of this statistic. The statistic was calculated for a particular scenario (Hh_Dd), the characteristics of which may be found in the included wave_scenarios.txt file for various sized SRBs, the characteristics of which may be found in the included SRB_classes.txt file. The surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux was calculated from wave and current estimates generated with Delft3D, and would vary if different models were used or if different model inputs (such as bathymetry, forcing winds, and boundary conditions) or parameterizations were chosen. Potential flux estimates would vary for different size or density objects and/or if a different formulation for calculating the flux is used.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Numerical models are used in the generation of this this data layer. Because the overall horizontal accuracy of the data set depends on the accuracy of the model, the underlying bathymetry, forcing values used, and so forth, the spatial accuracy of this data layer cannot be meaningfully quantified.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)
Publication_Date: 20110601
Title: NOAA/NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS) Atmospheric Model
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Camp Springs, MD
Publisher: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction
Online_Linkage: <http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/data.php>
Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20100401
Ending_Date: 20120531
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA GFS
Source_Contribution:
Wind speed data at 10 m above the sea surface from the NOAA Global Forecast System (GFS) 0.5 degree model is interpolated by NOAA to the 4' Wavewatch3 grid and archived. These archived data are used to drive the numerical wave and circulation model that creates estimated of bottom shear stress.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP
Publication_Date: 20121001
Title: NOAA/NWS/NCEP 4' Wavewatch III Operational Wave Forecast
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Camp Springs, MD
Publisher: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction
Online_Linkage: <http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/waves/index2.shtml>
Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20100401
Ending_Date: 20120531
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA WW3
Source_Contribution:
Boundary conditions for the wave model were provided by the 4' NOAA/NWS/NCEP Wavewatch III operational ocean wave forecast.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The D-Flow and D-Waves components of the Deltares Delft3D numerical model suite (version 4.00.01) were used to estimate bottom orbital velocity, peak period, peak wave direction, and east and north components of wind and wave-driven velocity for the offshore wave conditions corresponding this scenario Hh_Dd (characteristics of which may be found in the included wave_scenarios.txt file) in each grid cell in the model domain. The wave model D-Waves, based on the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model, is a 3rd generation phase-averaged numerical wave model which conserves wave energy subject to generation, dissipation, and transformation processes and resolves spectral energy density over a range of user-specified frequencies and directions. D-Wave was used in stationary mode. D-Flow solves the shallow water Navier Stokes equations and is run in 2-D depth-averaged mode, with linkage to D-Waves allowing the generation of wave-driven currents via wave radiation stress forcing. Default values for model parameters governing horizontal viscosity, bottom roughness, and wind drag were used. Neumann boundary conditions were used along the east, west, and south model boundaries with harmonic forcing set to zero. Model bathymetry was provided by the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center Northern Gulf Coast digital elevation map, referenced to NAVD88.

Significant wave height, dominant wave period, and wave direction were prescribed as D-Wave TPAR format files every 30 grid cells along the model boundary using results from the NOAA Wavewatch III 4' multi-grid model for a representative moment in time corresponding to the offshore wave conditions of the scenario, the specific time of which may be found in the included wave_scenarios.txt file. A JONSWAP (JOint NOrth Sea WAve Project) spectral shape was assumed at these boundary points. Wind forcing was provided using the archived WavewatchIII 4' winds, extracted from the NOAA GFS wind model, for this time. The D-Wave directional space covers a full circle with a resolution was 5 degrees (72 bins). The frequency range was specified as 0.05-1 Hz with logarithmic spacing. Bottom friction calculations used the JONSWAP formulation with a uniform roughness coefficient of 0.067 m2/s3. 3rd-generation physics are activated which accounts for wind wave generation, triad wave interactions and whitecapping (via the Komen et al parameterization). Depth-induced wave breaking dissipation is included using the method of Battjes and Janssen with default values for alpha (1) and gamma (0.73). Wave model outputs of bottom orbital velocity, peak period, and peak wave direction were extracted on the wave model grid, and current model outputs of east and north current velocity component were extracted and interpolated to the wave model grid (staggered points in relation to the current model grid).

NDBC observations from station 42012 for the representative scenario time periods were used to validate the wave model results.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA GFS
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA WW3
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: DELFT3D
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Joseph W. Long
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street S
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747 x3024
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (727) 803-2032
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jwlong@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Identify the spatial extent of the surf zone at each alongshore location using Mathworks MATLAB software (v2012A). The shoreline is identified from the gridded bathymetry as the cross-shore grid cell of minimum water depth at each alongshore transect. In areas where lagoons separate barrier islands and the mainland coast, the shoreline is considered along the seaward side of the barrier island only. The shoreline is not continuous due to interruptions at inlets. For each alongshore transect, the surf zone is defined as the area between the shoreline and the location of maximum wave height (found in a search area extending from the shoreline to the most offshore point of modeled depth-induced wave breaking dissipation). The extent of the surf zone (as indices into the grid at each alongshore location of the cross-shore position of the shoreline and seaward edge of the surf zone) was saved for all of the scenarios into a MATLAB .mat structure.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: DELFT3D
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: SURFZONE
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: David Thompson
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 600 4th Street S
City: St. Petersburg
State_or_Province: FL
Postal_Code: 33701
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 803-8747 x3079
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (727) 803-2032
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dthompson@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Estimate the spatially variant potential flux for each SRB size class, characteristics of which may be found in the included SRB_classes.txt file. Calculations are performed in Mathworks MATLAB (v2012A). Potential flux is calculated for model output values (wave orbital velocity, peak period, and direction; depth-averaged current magnitude and direction; total water level from the model and bathymetry) using the Shield's parameter following the Soulsby-van Rijn approach described in Soulsby (1997). The direction of transport is identified is either positive (to the east) or negative (to the west) from the sign of the alongshore component of velocity (output u1 from the numerical model). The Shield's parameter is identified as a "high" critical stress value, corresponding to instances when an SRB of the identified size is within a uniform bed of similarly sized SRBs. Exposure above the bed, such as may occur with a single SRB on a sand band, reduces the critical shear stress value for incipient motion. Based on field observations of gravel and sand mixtures, a "medium" critical stress value is calculated from a constant non-dimensional Shields parameter of 0.02, and a "low" critical stress value is calculated from a constant non-dimensional Shields parameter of 0.01 (Andrews, 1983; Bottacin-Busolin et al, 2008; Fenton and Abbott, 1977; Wiberg and Smith, 1987; Wilcock, 1998). Each of these three threshold values are saved in MATLAB .mat format.

The same individual who completed this processing step completed all additional processing steps.

References:

Andrews, E.D. (1983). Entrainment of gravel from naturally sorted riverbed material. Geo. Soc. Amer. Bull. (94), 1225-1231.

Bottacin-Busolin, A., Tait, S.J., Marion, A., Chegini, A., Tregnaghi, M. (2008). Probabilistic description of grain resistance from simultaneous flow field and grain motion measurements. Water Resources Res. (44), WO9419.

Fenton, J.D., Abbott, J.E. (1977). Initial movement of grains on a stream bed: the effect of relative protusion. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. (352), 523-537.

Soulsby, R., 1997. Dynamics of Marine Sands, a Manual for Practical Applications. Thomas Telford Publications, London.

Wibert, P.L., Smith, J.D. (1987). Calculations of the Critical Shear Stress for Motion of Uniform and Heterogenous Sediments. Water Resources Res. (23), 1471-1480.

Wilcock, P.R. (1998). Two-Fraction Model of Initial Sediment Motion in Gravel-Bed Rivers. Science (280), 410-412.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: DELFT3D
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: FLUX2D
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02540
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
At each alongshore location, integrate the alongshore potential flux over the cross-shore region identified as surf zone in the previous processing step for this scenario. The 2D potential flux (in m3/m/s) is multiplied times the cross-shore width of each grid cell (in m, corresponding to half the distance from each grid cell to the grid cell to the north plus half the distance from the grid cell to the grid cell to the south) to obtain the flux (in m3/s) at that grid cell. This value is then summed over all of the cross-shore locations at that alongshore location and multiplied by SRB density (2107 kg/m3) to obtain the surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) at each alongshore location. The surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux is then smoothed with a 2-km Hanning window filter to remove small-scale structure likely associated with model noise.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: FLUX2D
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SURFZONE
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: FLUX1D
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Export the values for each alongshore location from MATLAB format into an ArcGIS point shapefile using the Mathworks MATLAB Mapping Toolbox (v2012A). The latitude and longitude coordinates correspond to the identified shoreline location for each alongshore location. The shapefile is written with the "shapewrite" command. Because MATLAB does not assign a projection, the projection corresponding to the projection associated with the bathymetry used in the numerical models is added in ArcCatalog 9.3. The file was then quality checked in ArcMap to insure values were properly exported to the shapefile from MATLAB.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: FLUX1D
Process_Date: 2012

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Gulf of Mexico
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 993

Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01 m
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Hh_Dd_potential_flux
Entity_Type_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux for oil-sand balls of varying sizes for specific wave scenarios
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Scenario_H
Attribute_Definition:
Scenario wave height number (e.g., "h" in Hh_Dd, see wave_scenarios.txt)
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 5
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Scenario_D
Attribute_Definition:
Scenario wave direction number (e.g., "d" in Hh_Dd, see wave_scenarios.txt)
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 16
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: non-dimensional
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB1_high
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 1 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relative high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB1_med
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 1 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB1_low
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 1 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB2_high
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 2 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relative high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB2_med
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 2 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB2_low
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 2 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB3_high
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 3 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relative high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB3_med
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 3 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB3_low
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 3 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB4_high
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 4 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relative high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB4_med
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 4 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB4_low
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 4 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB5_high
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 5 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relative high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB5_med
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 5 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB5_low
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 5 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB6_high
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 6 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from the Shield's parameter. The Shield's parameter is a relative high critical stress estimate and does not account for a reduced critical stress due to potential SRB exposure above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB6_med
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 6 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.02. This critical stress estimate is a mid-range value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to some exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SRB6_low
Attribute_Definition:
Surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux (in kg/s) for this scenario (Hh_Dd in the file name, also indicated in attributes in the shapefile, characteristics of which may be found by looking the scenario up in the included file wave_scenarios.txt) using a critical stress for SRB class 6 (see SRB_classes.txt) calculated from a non-dimensional Shield's parameter of 0.01. This critical stress estimate is a low value accounting for a reduced critical stress due to exposure of the SRB above the seafloor.
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -1000
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg/s
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001

Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
Hh_Dd_potential_flux.shp: surf-zone integrated alongshore potential flux for the Hh_Dd scenario for SRBs of varying size. NOTE: Specific layer name indicates the scenario (Hh_Dd), with specific characteristics given in the included wave_scenarios.txt.
Distribution_Liability:
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.

Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: SHP
Format_Version_Number: 3.3
Format_Specification: ESRI shapefile
Format_Information_Content:
WinZip archive file containing the shapefile components. The WinZip file also includes FGDC compliant metadata.
File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip 12.0 archive
Transfer_Size: 400-500 KB
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/datafiles.html>
Fees: None
Technical_Prerequisites:
These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com.

Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20121112
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: P. Soupy Dalyander
Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Role
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2290
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sdalyander@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile

Generated by mp version 2.8.25 on Mon Nov 12 10:29:37 2012