U.S. Geological Survey201209107_1_Western_US_B1_y20361.0raster digital dataFuture Scenarios of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in the United States: The Marine West Coast Forests Ecoregion7_1_Western_US_B1_y2036Spatial and temporal distributions of current and projected land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes are essential in modeling future potential carbon storage and fluxes within the Nation's major ecological regions (Zhu and others, 2010). Annual raster-based maps of future LULC conditions for the years 2006 to 2100 were created based on historical LULC conditions combined with IPCC-SRES scenario elements to develop four distinct, equally plausible outcomes. The historical LULC baseline conditions were derived from 1.) a modified version of the 1992 National Land Cover Dataset (http://www.epa.gov/mrlc/nlcd.html), 2.) calibration and modeling of the 1992 to 2000 LULC change estimates by the U.S. Geological Survey's Land Cover Trends project (http://landcovertrends.usgs.gov/), and 3.) change estimates for 2001 to 2005 from the 2001 and 2006 National Land Cover Dataset products (http://www.mrlc.gov/). These baseline LULC conditions were then used to guide the scenario-based modeling of future LULC change, using a spreadsheet accounting model to evaluate IPCC-SRES scenario demand and existing global model simulations. A detailed description of the downscaling process can be found in Sleeter and others (2012). The resulting ecoregion-based LULC scenarios were used to guide the spatially explicit "forecasting scenarios of land-cover change" (FORE-SCE) model in allocating LULC change distributions on the landscape, based on logistic regression analysis of the biogeophysical and socioeconomic determinants of landscape potential. What results are annual maps of baseline historical conditions from 1992 to 2005 and annual maps from 2006 to 2100 of future LULC for four of the IPCC SRES scenarios presented in the current U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report: Future Scenarios of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in the United States: Marine West Coast Forests Ecoregion. The baseline historical map filenames appear as follows: "7_1_Western_US_Historical_(year)," the year is signified with y#### (e.g. y1992 = the year 1992). The projected maps of LULC are named as follows: "7_1_Western_US_(scenario)_(year)". For example the filename "7_1_Western_US_a1b_y2006" represents projected LULC under the A1B scenario for the year 2006. Sleeter, B.M., Sohl, T.L., Bouchard, M.A., Reker, R.R., Soulard, C.E., Acevedo, W., Griffith, G.E., Sleeter, R.R., Auch, R.F., Sayler, K.S., Prisley, S., Zhu, Z., 2012, Scenarios of land-use and land-cover change in the conterminous United States: Utilizing the special report on emission scenarios at ecoregional scales, Global Environmental Change: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.gloenvcha.2012.03.008 Zhu and others, 2010, A Method for Assessing Carbon Stocks, Carbon Sequestration, and Greenhouse-Gas Fluxes in Ecosystems of the United States Under Present Conditions and Future Scenarios. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5233.This raster-based map of projected land-use and land-cover (LULC) was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey's LandCarbon team, as part of the methodology to model future carbon storage capacity in the Nation's major ecological regions under four future scenarios based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chage's (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES).199201012100010120120910None planned-127.874662-118.05180949.17708836.654633Noneland-use and land-cover, projections, IPCC, SRES, scenarios, ecoregionsISO 19115 Topic CategoriesenvironmentgeoscientificInformationimageryBaseMapsEarthCoverNoneThere are no limitations on the use of these raster maps. A statement of the data source when citing, copying, or reprinting USGS data or images is requested. The USGS cautions that users understand the limits of these data before proceeding with personal, academic, and/or governmental use. We also ask users to be aware of the interpretive nature of these data and how they represent a single, plausible land-use and land-cover outcome out of many plausible outcomes. Data users should read the associated Open File Report and background journal articles (Sleeter and others, 2012, Zhu and others, 2010) to become familiar with the scenario development, modeling, and use of the dataset.U.S. Geological SurveyTamara WilsonGeographerunknown345 Middlefield Road MS-531Menlo ParkCA94025USA650-329-4247tswilson@usgs.govTamara S. Wilson, Benjamin M. Sleeter, Terry L. Sohl, Glenn Griffith, William Acevedo, Stacie Bennett, Michelle Bouchard, Ryan Reker, Christy Ryan, Kristi L. Sayler, Rachel Sleeter, and Christopher E. SoulardMicrosoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcGIS 10.0.5.4400RasterGrid Cell52961783Albers Conical Equal Area29.545.5-96.023.00.00.0coordinate pair0.00000000375279807229844740.00000000375279807229844741{Standard_Parallel}2 + Longitude_of_Central_Meridian + Latitude_of_Projection_Origin + False_Easting + False_Northing D North American 1983GRS 19806378137.0298.2572221017_1_Western_US_B1_y2036.img.vatAttribute table for projected land-use and land-cover mapESRIOIDInternal feature number.ESRISequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.ValueUnique values (1-17) given to the 17 different land-use and land-cover classes used in our analysis.USGS1WaterUSGS2DevelopedUSGS3Mechanically Disturbed National ForestUSGS4Mechanically Disturbed Other Public LandUSGS5Mechanically Disturbed Private LandUSGS6MiningUSGS7BarrenUSGS8Deciduous ForestUSGS9Evergreen ForestUSGS10Mixed ForestUSGS11GrasslandUSGS12ShrublandUSGS13AgricultureUSGS14Hay/PastureUSGS15Herbaceous WetlandUSGS16Woody WetlandUSGS17Ice/SnowUSGSCountThe number of pixels of a given value/class.ESRIThese values represent histogram data, summing the total number of pixels occuring for a given value/class within the image.RedSpecific color saturationESRIThese values represent the color saturation in the Red spectrum that create the class colors used in the land-use and land-cover legend displayed with this .img file in ArcGIS.GreenSpecific color saturationESRIThese values represent the color saturation in the Green spectrum that create the class colors used in the land-use and land-cover legend displayed with this .img file in ArcGIS.BlueSpecific color saturationESRIThese values represent the color saturation in the Blue spectrum that create the class colors used in the land-use and land-cover legend displayed with this .img file in ArcGIS.Class_NameLand-use and land-cover class namesU.S. Geological SurveyWaterAreas of open water, generally with less than 25% vegetation/land cover.U.S. Geological SurveyDevelopedAreas characterized by a high percentage (20% or greater) of constructed material (concrete, asphalt, buildings, etc.).U.S. Geological SurveyMech Disturbed NFForested lands within National Forests that have been mechanically disturbed (cleared, thinned, etc.).Huang, C., Goward, S. N., Masek, J. G., Thomas, N., Zhu, Z., and Vogelmann, J. E., 2010. An auto-mated approach for reconstructing recent forest disturbance history using dense Landsat time series stacks. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 183–198 and the Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US)Mech Disturbed OPForested lands within all other publicly owned property (excluding National Forests) that have been mechanically disturbed (cleared, thinned, etc.).Huang, C., Goward, S. N., Masek, J. G., Thomas, N., Zhu, Z., and Vogelmann, J. E., 2010. An auto-mated approach for reconstructing recent forest disturbance history using dense Landsat time series stacks. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 183–198 and the Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US)Mech Disturbed PVTMechanically disturbed (cleared, thinned, etc.) forested lands on privately-owned property.Huang, C., Goward, S. N., Masek, J. G., Thomas, N., Zhu, Z., and Vogelmann, J. E., 2010. An auto-mated approach for reconstructing recent forest disturbance history using dense Landsat time series stacks. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 183–198 and the Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US)MiningAreas of extractive mining activities with surface expressions.U.S. Geological SurveyBarrenAreas characterized by bare rock, gravel, sand, silt, clay, or other earthen material, with little or no “green” vegetation present regardless of its inherent ability to support life. Vegetation, if present, is more widely spaced and scrubby than that in the green vegetated categories; lichen cover may be extensive.U.S. Geological SurveyDeciduous ForestAreas dominated by trees where 75% or more of the tree species shed foliage simultaneously in response to seasonal change.U.S. Geological SurveyEvergreen ForestAreas dominated by trees where 75% or more of the tree species maintain their leaves all year. Canopy is never without green foliage.U.S. Geological SurveyMixed ForestAreas dominated by trees where neither deciduous nor evergreen species represent more than 75% of the cover present.U.S. Geological SurveyGrasslandAreas dominated by grasses and forbs. In rare cases, herbaceous cover is less than 25%, but exceeds the combined cover of the woody species present. These areas are not subject to intensive management, but they are often utilized for grazing.U.S. Geological SurveyShrublandAreas dominated by shrubs; shrub canopy accounts for 25 to 100% of the cover. Shrub cover is generally greater than 25% when tree cover is less than 25%. Shrub cover may be less than 25% in cases when the cover of other life forms (e.g. herbaceous or tree) is less than 25% and shrubs cover exceeds the cover of the other life forms;U.S. Geological SurveyAgricultureAreas dominated by vegetation that has been planted or is intensively managed for the production of food, feed, or fiber; or is maintained in developed settings for specific purposes. Includes cultivated crops, row crops, small grains, and fallow fields.U.S. Geological SurveyHay/PastureAreas of grasses, legumes, or grass-legume mixtures planted for livestock grazing or the production of seed or hay crops.U.S. Geological SurveyHerbaceous WetlandAreas where perennial herbaceous vegetation accounts for 75% to 100% of the cover and the soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered with water.U.S. Geological SurveyWoody WetlandAreas where forest or shrubland vegetation accounts for 25% to 100% of the cover and the soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered with water.U.S. Geological SurveyIce/SnowAreas characterized by a perennial cover of ice and/or snow, generally greater than 25% of total cover.U.S. Geological Survey20120910U.S. Geological SurveyGeographerunknown345 Middlefield Road MS-531Menlo ParkCA94025USA650-329-4247tswilson@usgs.govFGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local time