Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ray Wells (geologic mapping) Originator: Michael G. Sawlan (digital compilation) Publication_Date: 20140716 Title: EWH_bedding Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2014-1063 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1063 Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.gov/10.3133/ofr20141063 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ray E. Wells Publication_Date: 20140716 Title: Preliminary Geologic Map of the Eastern Willapa Hills, Cowlitz, Lewis, and Wahkiakum Counties, Washington Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2014-1063 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Menlo Park, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1063 Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.gov/10.3133/ofr20141063 Description: Abstract: This feature class dataset, EWH_bedding, defines the locations and orientations in the Eastern Willapa Hills map area of more than 1200 bedding attitudes in sedimentary strata and layering in volcanic rocks considered to be equivalent to sedimentary bedding. These digital records reproduce bedding attitudes shown in the analog map compilation: Wells, R. E.,1981, Geologic Map of the Eastern Willapa Hills, Cowlitz, Lewis, and Wahkiakum Counties, Washington, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 81-674. These data comprise part of the feature dataset EWH_Geology within the geodatabase Eastern_Willapa_Hills_geodatabase. Most records derive from attitudes measured by the author during field work completed 1978-1980. In northern and eastern parts of the map area, most attitudes were compiled from existing maps. The feature class EWH_data_sources (part of the feature dataset EWH_Geology within the Eastern_Willapa_Hills_GeoDatabase), delineates areas of the map where bedding attitudes were mainly, if not exclusively, compiled from other sources. A record-by-record attribution of bedding attitude sources is not available. This dataset reproduces the locations of attitudes as plotted (manually with a protractor) on the 1981 mylar compilation of the geologic map. Digital point locations of bedding attitudes were located at the intersection of lines symbolizing strike and dip, along the center of the strike line, as shown on the 1981 mylar compilation map. Point locations of bedding attitudes were determined by heads-up digitization from a georeferenced image of the 1981 mylar compilation map. This image was created by scanning base-stable (mylar) media at 300dpi, and georeferencing the digitized map to USGS 7.5-minute series DRGs. Features used for georeferencing were primarily lat-long tiks. Survey benchmarks and road intersections were used in some areas, mainly along the southern and northern boundaries of the map which do not coincide with a multiple of 2.5 arc minutes. Most locations of bedding attitudes correspond to the locations on the ground where measured. For the 1981 analog compilation bedding symbols may, in some instances, have been relocated a short distance (generally less than 75m) from the measurement location to avoid symbol overlap. Positions relative to roads or streams generally were maintained for relocated points. A record of which point locations were modified for the original map compilation is not available. Bedding attitudes located within polygons of Alluvial Deposits (Qa) are sites where bedding was measured on bedrock units exposed in streamcuts too small to map at the compilation scale of the 1981 analog map (1:62,500). A single attitude located within a landslide (Qls) represents the orientation of bedding in a large block of bedrock within the slide. Attitudes of "bedding" within Gabbro and Basalt Intrusive Rocks (Tig) represent the orientation of flow banding or planar concentrations of vesicles and (or) crystals. Bedding orientations are described by three user-defined attributes: PTYPE, STRIKE and DIP. The field PTYPE contains specific text values describing classes of bedding orientations uniquely symbolized on geologic maps and involving knowledge of facing direction. Ptype values in this bedding dataset have a prefix of "bedding, " followed by a suffix consisting of one of four specific text values describing orientation in combination with facing direction: inclined, overturned, vertical, and horizontal (e.g. bedding, inclined). A Ptype suffix value of "inclined" is assigned to attitudes where bedding facing direction is known or inferred, and the facing direction is upward or horizontal (for vertical bedding with known facing direction). A Ptype suffix of "overturned" is assigned to inclined bedding with downward facing direction. For vertical bedding where facing direction is unknown, a Ptype suffix of "vertical" is assigned. Common facing direction indicators include graded bedding, erosional surfaces, and load casts in sedimentary rocks, pillow lava in marine volcanics, and rubbly, oxidized flow tops in subaerial volcanics. The field STRIKE contains numerical values in units of degrees defining strike azimuth, defined to be the direction 90 degrees counterclockwise from dip direction. Values for Strike are positive integers, with possible values of 0 to 359 inclusive. For horizontal bedding, Strike is . Strike values were obtained from a georeferenced image of the 1981 mylar compilation map on which strike and dip symbols were drawn using a protractor. For this database, strike azimuths were obtained by iteratively estimating strike until the symbolized strike lie parallel to the bedding strike line as symbolized on the georeferenced 1981 analog map. Precision in replicating strike the direction shown on the original analog map is estimated at 1 deg. This precision likely is within the precision of manually plotted strike directions using a protractor as was done for the 1981 analog map compilation. The field DIP lists bedding dip angles, bedding inclination as measured from horizontal, in units of degrees. Dip values in this dataset are transcribed from dip values handwritten on the 1981 analog compilation map. For inclined beds, values of dip may range from 1 to 90, inclusive; dip values in this database range from 2 through 90. For overturned bedding, dip values may range from 1 to 89, inclusive; records in this database have dip values from 55 to 80 (5 records). By definition, horizontal bedding has a dip angle of 0, and vertical bedding has a dip angle of 90. Two records have null values for dip represent observations where strike could be determined but the angle of dip was uncertain. The uncertain dip value is symbolized with a query via the annotation layer "EWH_bedding_Anno". Purpose: The point features in this dataset define the orientation (strike and dip) of bedding in sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the Geologic Map of the Eastern Willapa Hills, first published in print as: Wells, Ray E., 1981, Geologic Map of the Eastern Willapa Hills - Cowlitz, Lewis, and Wahkiakum Counties, Washington, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 81-674. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2014 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -123.520682 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -123.000803 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.635118 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.153743 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: bedding attitudes Theme_Keyword: bedding orientation Place: Place_Keyword: Eastern Willapa Hills Place_Keyword: Southwestern Washington Place_Keyword: Lower Columbia River Place_Keyword: Cowlitz County Place_Keyword: Lewis County Place_Keyword: Wahkiakum County Place_Keyword: Adna Place_Keyword: Blaney Creek Place_Keyword: Boistfort Peak Place_Keyword: Boistfort Place_Keyword: Cathlamet Place_Keyword: Coal Creek Place_Keyword: Curtis Place_Keyword: Dean Creek Place_Keyword: Doty Place_Keyword: Elochman Pass Place_Keyword: Elochoman Lake Place_Keyword: Nassa Point Place_Keyword: Oak Point Place_Keyword: Pe Ell Place_Keyword: Pluvius Place_Keyword: Rainbow Falls Place_Keyword: Skamokawa Pass Place_Keyword: Skamokawa Place_Keyword: Wildwood Stratum: Stratum_Keyword: Alluvial deposits Stratum_Keyword: Alluvium Stratum_Keyword: Landslide Stratum_Keyword: Logan Hill Formation Stratum_Keyword: Columbia River Basalt Stratum_Keyword: CRB Stratum_Keyword: Saddle Mountains Basalt Stratum_Keyword: Pomona Stratum_Keyword: Wanapum Basalt Stratum_Keyword: Frenchman Springs Stratum_Keyword: Grande Ronde Basalt Stratum_Keyword: Astoria Formation Stratum_Keyword: Basalt intrusive rocks Stratum_Keyword: Basalt breccia and flows Stratum_Keyword: Lincoln Creek Formation Stratum_Keyword: Siltstone of Skamokawa Creek Stratum_Keyword: Quartz monzonite Stratum_Keyword: Grays River Volcanics Stratum_Keyword: Cowlitz Formation Stratum_Keyword: McIntosh Formation Stratum_Keyword: Crescent Formation Temporal: Temporal_Keyword: Tertiary Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary Temporal_Keyword: Eocene Temporal_Keyword: Oligocene Temporal_Keyword: Miocene Temporal_Keyword: Pleistocene Temporal_Keyword: Holocene Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Users of this geospatial database and geologic information derived from it should acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of the data. Uses of this digital geologic map should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Although the digital form of the data removes the constraint imposed by the scale of a paper map, the detail and accuracy inherent in map scale are also present in the digital data. The fact that this database was edited for a scale of 1:24,000 means that higher resolution information is not present in the dataset. Plotting at scales larger than 1:24,000 will not yield greater real detail, although it may reveal fine-scale irregularities below the intended resolution of the database. Similarly, where this database is used in combination with other data of higher resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lower resolution of these data. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.6.1500 Data_Quality_Information: Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Scale_Denominator: 62500 Type_of_Source_Media: stable-base material - frosted mylar Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Wells, 1981, USGS Open File Report 81-674 Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata imported. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: EWH_bedding_metadata.txt Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1212 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000064 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000064 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Resolution: 0.000003 Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: EWH_bedding Entity_Type_Definition: strike and dip of bedding at point locations Entity_Type_Definition_Source: author Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: OBJECTID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: PTYPE Attribute_Definition: Geologic Bedding Description Attribute_Definition_Source: author Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: bedding, vertical Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Strike and dip of beds with dip angle of 90 Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: bedding, overturned Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Strike and dip of beds with dip angle downward facing direction; records in this database have dip values from 55 to 80 (5 records) Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: bedding, inclined Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Strike and dip of beds with dip angle facing direction is upward, values of dip may range from 1 to 90, inclusive Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: bedding, horizontal Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Strike and dip of beds with dip angle of 0 and top is upright Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: azimuth defined to be 90 deg. counterclockwise from dip direction Attribute_Definition_Source: author Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: inclination angle of bedding as measured downward from horizontal Attribute_Definition_Source: author Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Anno_46_47 Entity_Type_Definition: numeric values of bedding dip (for annotation) from the EWH_bedding layer Entity_Type_Definition_Source: author Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The field PTYPE contains specific text values describing classes of bedding orientations uniquely symbolized on geologic maps and involving knowledge of facing direction. Ptype values in this bedding dataset have a prefix of "bedding, " followed by a suffix consisting of one of four specific text values describing orientation in combination with facing direction: inclined, overturned, vertical, and horizontal (e.g. bedding, inclined). A Ptype suffix value of "inclined" is assigned to attitudes where bedding facing direction is known or inferred, and the facing direction is upward or horizontal (for vertical bedding with known facing direction). A Ptype suffix of "overturned" is assigned to inclined bedding with downward facing direction. For vertical bedding where facing direction is unknown, a Ptype suffix of "vertical" is assigned. Common facing direction indicators include graded bedding, erosional surfaces, and load casts in sedimentary rocks, pillow lava in marine volcanics, and rubbly, oxidized flow tops in subaerial volcanics. The field STRIKE contains numerical values in units of degrees defining strike azimuth, defined to be the direction 90 degrees counterclockwise from dip direction. Values for Strike are positive integers, with possible values of 0 to 359 inclusive. For horizontal bedding, Strike is . Strike values were obtained from a georeferenced image of the 1981 mylar compilation map on which strike and dip symbols were drawn using a protractor. For this database, strike azimuths were obtained by iteratively estimating strike until the symbolized strike lie parallel to the bedding strike line as symbolized on the georeferenced 1981 analog map. Precision in replicating strike the direction shown on the original analog map is estimated at 1 deg. This precision likely is within the precision of manually plotted strike directions using a protractor as was done for the 1981 analog map compilation. The field DIP lists bedding dip angles, bedding inclination as measured from horizontal, in units of degrees. Dip values in this dataset are transcribed from dip values handwritten on the 1981 analog compilation map. For inclined beds, values of dip may range from 1 to 90, inclusive; dip values in this database range from 2 through 90. For overturned bedding, dip values may range from 1 to 89, inclusive; records in this database have dip values from 55 to 80 (5 records). By definition, horizontal bedding has a dip angle of 0, and vertical bedding has a dip angle of 90. Two records have null values for dip represent observations where strike could be determined but the angle of dip was uncertain. The uncertain dip value is symbolized with a query via the annotation layer "ewh_bedding_anno". Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS Information Services Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Box 25286, Denver Federal Center City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225-0046 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4200 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (303) 202-4695 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: infoservices@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data USGS Open File Report 2014-1063 Distribution_Liability: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this publication has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1063 Fees: free Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20140507 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Ray Wells Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist / Project Chief, Pacific Northwest Geologic Mapping Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 345 Middlefield Rd MS-973 City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 650-329-4933 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rwells@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: Additional contact: Karen Wheeler, PNW Project Data Manager, 650-329-4935, kwheeler@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile