Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Christopher G. Smith Publication_Date: 20150501 Title: Sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data Online_Linkage: http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20151169/data/14CTB_Site_Information.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Christopher G. Smith Originator: Marci E. Marot Originator: Alisha M. Ellis Originator: Cathryn J. Wheaton Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: C. Scott Adams Publication_Date: 20150501 Title: Sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1169 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151169 Description: Abstract: The influence of tropical and extratropical cyclones on coastal wetlands and marshes is highly variable in both space and time and depends on a number of climatic, geologic, and physical variables. The impacts storms can be either positive or negative with respect to the wetland and marsh ecosystems. Small to moderate amounts of inorganic sediment added during storms or other events helps to abate pressure from sea-level rise. However, if the volume of sediment is large and the resulting deposits thick, the organic substrate may compact causing submergence and a loss in elevation. Similarly, thick deposits of coarse inorganic sediment may also alter the hydrology of the site and impede vegetative processes. Alternative impacts associated with storms include shoreline erosion at the marsh edge as well as potential emergence. Predicting the outcome of these various responses and potential long-term implications can be obtained from a systematic assessment of both historical and recent event deposits. The objectives of this study are to 1) characterize the surficial sediment of the relict to recent washover fans and back-barrier marshes, and 2) characterize the sediment of 6 marsh cores from the back-barrier marshes and a single marsh island core near the mainland. These geologic data will be integrated with other remote sensing data collected along Assateague Island, Maryland / Virginia and assimilated into an assessment of coastal wetland response to storms. Purpose: The file includes all site information and water quality parameters collected from each marsh and sandy overwash surface sediment and core sample site collected on Assateague Island and the mainland of Virginia and Maryland in March/April and October 2014 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center. Supplemental_Information: None Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20140326 Ending_Date: 20141030 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.46667 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.11111 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.26667 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.82222 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: marsh Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: sampling date Theme_Keyword: surface Theme_Keyword: back-barrier Theme_Keyword: overwash Theme_Keyword: easting Theme_Keyword: northing Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: latitude Theme_Keyword: longitude Theme_Keyword: water depth Theme_Keyword: temperature Theme_Keyword: barometric pressure Theme_Keyword: dissolved oxygen Theme_Keyword: specific conductance Theme_Keyword: salinity Theme_Keyword: pH Theme_Keyword: oxidation-reduction potential Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Maryland Place_Keyword: Virginia Place_Keyword: Assateague Island Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: sediment Stratum_Keyword: surface Stratum_Keyword: subsurface Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: March 2014 Temporal_Keyword: April 2014 Temporal_Keyword: October 2014 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8035 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Version 6.1 (Build 7601XXXXX) Service Pack 1; Microsoft Excel Version 2010 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The positional accuracy of the sample locations was determined by the accuracy of the raw position data recorded by the GPS antenna during data collection. Differential Geographic Positioning System (DGPS) coordinates were obtained using post-processing software packages (National Geodetic Survey's On-Line Positioning User Service, OPUS, and Waypoint Product Group's GrafNav and GrafNet, version 8.40). Logical_Consistency_Report: This dataset contains the post-processed DGPS coordinates for samples collected during two separate surveys in March and October 2014. Completeness_Report: This is a complete processed site information data file for the 2014-301-FA and 2014-322-FA surface sediment time series and core archive. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All static GPS base station sessions were processed through the On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The OPUS base-station solutions were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final positional coordinate (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height). Using the OPUS values and duration of each session, the final position was calculated as a time-weighted average of all GPS sessions. Base-station positional error was calculated as the absolute value of the final position minus the session position value. The maximum horizontal error of the base station coordinates used for post-processing the sample locations was 0.00005 seconds latitude and 0.00015 seconds longitude. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All static base station sessions were processed through OPUS maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The base location results from OPUS were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final, time-weighted positional coordinate (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height). Base-station positional error for each GPS session was calculated as the absolute value of the final position minus the session position value. For this survey, the maximum standard deviation of the base station ellipsoid height was 0.009 m and the maximum vertical error for the base station was +/- 0.016 m. The time-weighted average positions were compared with the NPS network control numbers for each base station; the time-weighted elevations for each base station occupation were within 2 standard deviations of the NPS control elevations. The NPS control coordinates were used for subsequent post-processing. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: GPS base stations were erected at multiple National Park Service (NPS) benchmarks located on the back-barrier side of Assateague Island. An Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receiver recorded the 12-channel full-carrier-phase positioning signals (L1/L2) from satellites via a Thales choke-ring antenna at the base station. A similar GPS instrument combination (Ashtech Z-Xtreme receiver and Ashtech geodetic antenna) was used for the rover GPS. The base receiver and the rover receiver record their positions concurrently at 1-second (s) recording intervals throughout the survey. Occupation times at the sample sites ranged from 5 to 30 minutes, and baseline distances to the nearest base station ranged from about 0.5 to 15 kilometers. Process_Date: 2014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The NPS control coordinates of the GPS base stations were imported into GrafNav and GrafNet, version 8.4 (Waypoint Product Group) and the data from the rover GPS were post-processed to the concurrent GPS session data from the nearest base station. All S sites (5 minute occupation) sites were post-processed in GrafNav and all M sites (30 minute occupation) were post-processed in GrafNet. The GPS data were acquired and processed in the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) (G1150) geodetic datum. Process_Date: 2014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Using the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) transformation software packages HTDP (http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/TOOLS/Htdp/Htdp.shtml), version 3.2.3 and VDatum, version 3.2 (http://vdatum.noaa.gov/), the sample locations were transformed from the GPS acquisition datum (WGS84) to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83), Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18 north (18N) reference frame and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) orthometric elevation using the NGS geoid model of 2012A (GEOID12A). Process_Date: 2014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Julie Bernier Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 87.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.001 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: Meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 14CTB_Spring&Fall 2014_Site Information.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Microsoft Excel workbook defining the location and water quality parameters at each surface and core sediment sample site collected from March/April 2014 and October 2014 from Assateague Island and the mainland, Virginia and Maryland (U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity Number 2014-301-FA and 2014-322-FA) Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample ID Attribute_Definition: Sample identification number Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Collected Attribute_Definition: Date sample was collected Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 04/01/2014 Range_Domain_Maximum: 10/26/2014 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mm/dd/yyyy Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 day Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude (NAD83) Attribute_Definition: Latitude of sample location in decimal degrees (NAD83) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 38.01759 Range_Domain_Maximum: 38.25004 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.00001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude (NAD83) Attribute_Definition: Longitude of sample location in decimal degrees (NAD83) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -75.36587 Range_Domain_Maximum: -75.13172 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.00001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting (m) Attribute_Definition: X-coordinate (easting) of sample location in meters (NAD83, UTM Zone 18N) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 467906.7213 Range_Domain_Maximum: 488474.577 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing (m) Attribute_Definition: Y-coordinate (northing) of sample location in meters (NAD83, UTM Zone 18N) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4207802.372 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4233566.382 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation (m) Attribute_Definition: Elevation of sample location in meters (NAVD88, GEOID12A) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0671 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.4093 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Environment Type Attribute_Definition: The type of environment where the sample was collected. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Vegetation Type/Coverage Attribute_Definition: The type and density of vegetation coverage where the sample was collected. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Character string Attribute: Attribute_Label: Water Depth (cm) Attribute_Definition: Water depth of sample location in centimeters Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 10 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Temperature (¡C) Attribute_Definition: Water temperature in degrees Celsius at each sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.9 Range_Domain_Maximum: 19.1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees celsius Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Barometric Pressure (mmHg) Attribute_Definition: Barometric pressure at each sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 749.2 Range_Domain_Maximum: 767.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: millimeters of mercury Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Dissolved Oxygen (%) Attribute_Definition: Percent dissolved oxygen at each sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4.6 Range_Domain_Maximum: 133.5 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Attribute_Definition: Dissolved oxygen at each sample site expressed in milligrams per liter Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.44 Range_Domain_Maximum: 11.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: milligrams per liter Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Specific Conductance (mS/cm) Attribute_Definition: Specific conductance in millisiemens per centimeter at each sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 22.57 Range_Domain_Maximum: 42.35 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: millisiemens per centimeter Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Salinity Attribute_Definition: Salinity at each sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 13.64 Range_Domain_Maximum: 27.24 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: practical salinity units Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: pH Attribute_Definition: pH at each sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 6.61 Range_Domain_Maximum: 7.96 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: hydrogen ion concentration Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: pH (mV) Attribute_Definition: pH at each sample location in millivolts Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -87.1 Range_Domain_Maximum: -5.53 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: millivolt Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ORP (mV) Attribute_Definition: Oxidation-reduction potential at each sample location in millivolts Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -238 Range_Domain_Maximum: -77.1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: millivolt Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable data Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Microsoft Zip archive Format_Version_Number: 1 Format_Specification: .zip Format_Information_Content: This Microsoft Excel workbook contains site information for surficial and subsurface sediment samples collected from March/April 2014 and October 2014 (USGS Field Activity Numbers 2014-301-FA and 2014-322-FA). The .zip file also contains comma delimited files (.csv) of the site information for each core. The .csv data files contains the tabular data in plain text and may be viewed with a standard text editor. File_Decompression_Technique: None Transfer_Size: 0.034 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151169 Fees: None, if obtained online Technical_Prerequisites: This workbook was created using Microsoft Excel 2010 and can be opened using Microsoft Excel 2007 or higher; these data may also be viewed using the free Microsoft Excel Viewer (http://www.microsoft.com/). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20140501 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Christopher G. Smith Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cgsmith@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None