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Figure 8. Graph showing fluctuation in glacier ice volume on the Earth’s land areas during the last 600,000 years [through six glacials (lower sea levels) and interglacials (higher sea levels)]. Maximum volume of glacier ice on land drops sea level approximately -125 m below today’s sea level; minimum volume of glacier ice on land, with maximum carbon dioxide concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere of about 280 ppm, raises sea level approximately 6 to 7 m. Modified from figure in Houghton (1997, p. 55).