<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Diana R. Goldberg</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>C. B. Thomas</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>P. Sharp</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>M.D. Samuel</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>1995</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;We inoculated game-farm mallard (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Anas platyrhynchos&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;) eggs and 1-day-old birds with&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma anatis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;to determine its effect on hatching success and growth rates of ducklings. Inoculations of eggs reduced hatching success, hatchling size, and duckling growth rates, compared to controls. Intratracheal inoculations of 1-day-old birds did not affect growth rates. Hatchlings and 1-day-old ducklings grew much slower for the first 7 to 10 days when raised at 17 to 19 C, compared to controls raised at 30 to 35 C. The effect of cold stress on growth was greater than the effect of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;M. anatis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;infection; we found no synergistic effects between cold stress and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;M. anatis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;infection.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.172</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Wildlife Disease Association</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Effects of Mycoplasma anatis and cold stress on hatching success and growth of mallard ducklings</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>