Timothy J. Tibbitts Jim R. Petterson Mark K. Sogge 1997 <p><i>Ernpidonax trailIll extirnus</i> is one of several recognized subspecies of the Willow Flycatcher (Unitt 1987, Browning 1993), a neotropical migrant that breeds across much of North America. This southwestern race is a riparian obligate, nesting in dense patches of willow (<i>Salix</i> sp.), willow-cottonwood (<i>Populus</i> sp.), or other similarly structured habitats. In some areas of the Southwest, it nests in dense stands of tamarisk (<i>Tamarix</i> sp.). Willow Flycatchers were once widespread and locally common in the Southwest (Unitt 1987) but have declined to the point that <i>E. t. </i><i>extirnus</i> was listed as an endangered subspecies in 1995 (USFWS 1995).</p> application/pdf en Western Field Ornithologists Status and breeding ecology of the southwestern willow flycatcher in the Grand Canyon article