Sherry K. Krest Donald Sparling E. Little Greg L. Linder 2003 <div><p>Original research discusses the protocols and approaches to studying the effects of multiple environmental stressors on amphibian populations and gives new perspectives on this complicated subject. This new publication integrates a variety of stressors that can act in concert and may ultimately cause a decline in amphibian populations.</p><p>Sixteen peer-reviewed papers cover:</p><p><strong>Toxicity Assessment</strong> examines methods, which range from long-established laboratory approaches for evaluating adverse chemical effects to amphibians, to methods that link chemicals in surface waters, sediments, and soils with adverse effects observed among amphibians in the field.</p><p><strong>Field and Laboratory Studies</strong> illustrates studies in the evaluation of multiple stressor effects that may lead to declining amphibian populations. A range of laboratory and field studies of chemicals, such as herbicides, insecticides, chlorinated organic compounds, metals, and complex mixtures are also included.</p><p><strong>Causal Analysis</strong> demonstrates the range of tools currently available for evaluating "cause-effect" relationships between environmental stressors and declining amphibian populations.</p><p>Audience: This new publication is a must-have for scientists and resource management professionals from diverse fields, including ecotoxicology, chemistry, ecology, field biology, conservation biology, and natural resource management.</p></div> application/pdf 10.1520/STP1443-EB en ASTM International Multiple stressor effects in relation to declining amphibian populations reports