Y.F. Clark J.L. Leung Marion L. Park K.A. Hockett 2010 This report presents the results of research conducted on the 96-acre Bear Island along the Billy Goat Trail, Section A (BGT) that evaluated visitor motivations for off-trail hiking and the efficacy of four treatments designed to reduce this activity. This research was prompted by concerns about the impact of an extensive informal (visitor-created) trail network on Bear Island, because it provides habitat for more than 50 species of rare, threatened or endangered plant and animal species. application/pdf en Virginia Tech College of Natural Resources, Forestry/Recreation Resources Management Deterring off-trail hiking in protected natural areas: Evaluating options with surveys and unobtrusive observation: Final report reports