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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>R.D. Powell</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>P.R. Carlson</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Bruce F. Molnia</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>N.E. Mackiewicz</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>1984</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Muir Inlet in Glacier Bay, Alaska, is a glacial fjord receiving a tremendous volume of sediment annually. The rate of sediment accumulation is greatest proximal to Muir Glacier (about 9 m yr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;) and decreases away from the glacier. The primary sediment sources are meltwater streams discharging at subglacial and ice-marginal positions to form overflows, interflows, and underflows (continuous turbidity currents).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Overflows and interflows interact with diurnal tidal currents and their volume and sediment concentration varies diurnally and annually with meltwater discharge. These effects produce cyclic deposits of a thin fine-grained sand or silt lamina that grades normally to a thicker poorly to very poorly sorted mud lamina. This lamina couplet is termed a&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;cyclopel&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Underflows are suggested to occur in this glacimarine environment because of conditions unique to subglacial fluvial systems. Underflow deposits occur only in proximal positions (&amp;lt;0.5 km from glacier face), and are coarse-grained, reverse to normal graded, and exhibit an increase in sorting and sand content up-layer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ice-rafted debris (identified as particles &amp;gt;177&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;m) is ubiquitous, though low (&amp;lt;5% by weight), and occurs as isolated particles, frozen pellets, or as lenses that in cores may have a lamina appearance. Proximally, ice-rafted debris is difficult to identify because proximal sediment is often as coarse-grained.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Deposited sediment may be reworked by tidal currents, and sediment gravity flows.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Depositional processes operating in Muir Inlet produce interlaminated sand/silt/clay that characterizes sediment proximal to a glacier and fines seaward to mud. Sediment is classified into one of three sediment types:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class="list-label"&gt;(1) Type I sediment is very fine grained (mean 8.65--7.17 ~), low in sand (0.1--11.2%), and very poorly to poorly sorted. It is the dominant sediment type in Muir Inlet, and is transported by plumes and deposited by suspension settling.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class="list-label"&gt;(2) Type II sediment is fine- to coarse-grained (mean 6.70--3.12 ~), low to high in sand (5.1---86.6%), and very poorly to moderately sorted. It represents reworked sediment, proximal plume deposits, or coarse-grained laminae of cyclopels.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class="list-label"&gt;(3) Type III sediment is coarse-grained (mean 3.89--2.38 ~), high in sand (58.0--100.0%), and poorly to well sorted. It is deposited by sediment gravity flows or underflows.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="u-margin-s-bottom"&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br data-mce-bogus="1"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br data-mce-bogus="1"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1016/0025-3227(84)90197-X</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Interlaminated ice-proximal glacimarine sediments in Muir Inlet, Alaska</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>