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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:creator>Jim Constantz</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>1989</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;A method is proposed for combining solar distillation and drip irrigation to simultaneously desalinize water and apply this water to row crops. In this paper, the basic method is illustrated by a simple device constructed primarily of sheets of plastic, which uses solar energy to distill impaired water and apply the distillate to a widely spaced row crop. To predict the performance of the proposed device, an empirical equation for distillate production,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;dp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, is developed from reported solar still production rates, and a modified Jensen-Haise equation is used to calculate the potential evapotranspiration,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, for a row crop. Monthly values for&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;dp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;are calculated by using a generalized row crop at five locations in the Western United States. Calculated&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;values range from 1 to 22 cm month&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;and calculated&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;dp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;values range from 2 to 11 cm month&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;, depending on the location, the month, and the crop average. When the sum of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;dp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;plus precipitation, dp +&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, is compared to&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;for the case of 50% distillation irrigation system coverage, the results indicate that the crop's&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;is matched by dp +&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, at the cooler locations only. However, when the system coverage is increased to 66%, the crop's&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="small-caps"&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;is matched by dp +&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;even at the hottest location. Potential advantages of distillation irrigation include the ability: (a) to convert impaired water resources to water containing no salts or sediments; and (b) to efficiently and automatically irrigate crops at a rate that is controlled primarily by radiation intensities. The anticipated disadvantages of distillation irrigation include: (a) the high costs of a system, due to the large amounts of sheeting required, the short lifetime of the sheeting, and the physically cumbersome nature of a system; (b) the need for a widely spaced crop to reduce shading of the system by the crop; and (c) the production of a concentrated brine or precipitate, requiring proper off-site disposal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1016/0378-3774(89)90019-X</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Distillation irrigation: A low-energy process for coupling water purification and drip irrigation</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>