<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>G.W. Kling</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>M. L. Tuttle</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>G. Tanyileke</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>L. D. White</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>William C. Evans</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>1993</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;div id="abstracts" class="Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s"&gt;&lt;div id="ab1" class="abstract author" lang="en"&gt;&lt;div id="aep-abstract-sec-id11"&gt;&lt;p&gt;The gases dissolved in Lake Nyos, Cameroon, were quantified recently (December 1989 and September 1990) by two independent techniques:&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;in-situ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;measurements using a newly designed probe and laboratory analyses of samples collected in pre-evacuated stainless steel cylinders. The highest concentrations of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;were 0.30 mol/kg and 1.7 mmol/kg, respectively, measured in cylinders collected 1 m above lake bottom. Probe measurements of&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;in-situ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gas pressure at three different stations showed that horizontal variations in total dissolved gas were negligible. Total dissolved-gas pressure near the lake bottom is 1.06 MPa (10.5 atm), 50% as high as the hydrostatic pressure of 2.1 MPa (21 atm). Comparing the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;profile constructed from the 1990 data to one obtained in May 1987 shows that CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;concentrations have increased at depths to below 150 m. Based on these profiles, the average rate of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;input to bottom waters was 2.6 × 10&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mol/a. Increased deep-water temperatures require an average heat flow of 0.32 MW into the hypolimnion over the same time period. The transport rates of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, heat, and major ions into the hypolimnion suggest that a low-temperature reservoir of free CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;exists a short distance below lake bottom and that convective cycling of lake water through the sediments is involved in transporting the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;into the lake from the underlying diatreme. Increased CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;concentrations at all depths below the oxycline and a high&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C content (41% modern) in the CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;4 m above lake bottom show that much of the CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;is biologically produced within the lake. The CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;production rate may vary with time, but if the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;recharge rate remains constant, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saturation of the entire hypolimnion below 50 m depth would require ∼140a, given present-day concentrations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul id="issue-navigation" class="issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1"&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1016/0883-2927(93)90036-G</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Gas buildup in Lake Nyos, Cameroon: The recharge process and its consequences</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>