P.C. Lyons M.A. Millay E.L. Zodrow 1996 <div id="preview-section-abstract"><div id="abstracts" class="Abstracts u-font-serif text-s"><div id="aep-abstract-id4" class="abstract author"><div id="aep-abstract-sec-id5"><p>The 11–13 m thick Foord Seam in the fault-bounded Stellarton Basin, Nova Scotia, is the thickest seam from the Euramerican floral province known to contain coal-balls. In addition to the first discovery of autochthonous coal-balls in the Foord Seam, Nova Scotia, its shale parting also contains hypautochthonous coal-balls with histologically preserved plant structures. The coal-ball discovery helps fill a stratigraphic gap in coal-ball occurrences in the upper Carboniferous (Bolsovian) of Euramerica. The autochthonous and hypautochthonous coal-balls have a similar mineralogical composition and are composed of siderite (81–100%), dolomite-ankerite (0–19%), minor quartz and illite, and trace amounts of `calcite'. Similar is also their permineralizing mineralogy, which consists of dolomite-ankerite and siderite. Their low pyrite content and carbonate mineralogy, and nonmarine origin, differentiates the Foord Seam coal-balls from other Euramerican coal-ball occurrences.</p><p>A preliminary geochemical model, which is based on oxygen and carbon isotopic data, indicates that siderite in both the autochthonous and hypautochthonous coal-balls is of very early diagenetic (nonmarine) origin from<span>&nbsp;</span>¹³C-enriched bicarbonate derived from bacterial methanogenesis of organic matter.</p></div></div></div></div><div id="preview-section-introduction"><br></div><div id="preview-section-snippets"><br></div><div id="preview-section-references"><br></div> application/pdf 10.1016/0166-5162(95)00008-9 en Elsevier Geochemistry of autochthonous and hypautochthonous siderite-dolomite coal-balls (Foord Seam, Bolsovian, Upper Carboniferous), Nova Scotia, Canada article