<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Jean-Philippe Croue</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Mark Benjamin</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Gregory V. Korshin</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Cordelia J. Hwang</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Auguste Bruchet</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>George R. Aiken</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Jerry A. Leenheer</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2000</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;A variety of approaches were tested to&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;comprehensively&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;isolate&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;natural&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;organic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;matter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(NOM) from&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;. For&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;waters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;with high NOM concentrations such as the Suwannee River, Georgia, approaches that used combinations of membrane concentrations, evaporative concentrations, and adsorption on nonionic XAD resins, ion exchange resins and iron oxide coated sand isolated over 90% of the NOM. However, for&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;waters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;with low NOM concentrations, losses of half of the NOM were common and desalting of NOM isolates was a problem. A new&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;comprehensive&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;approach was devised and tested on the Seine River, France in which 100 L of filtered&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;was sodium softened by ion exchange and vacuum evaporated to 100 mL. Colloids (32% of the NOM) were isolated using a 3,500 Dalton membrane by dialysis against 0.1&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;HCl and 0.2&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;HF to remove salts and silica. On the membrane permeate, hydrophobic NOM (42%) was isolated using XAD-8 resin and hydrophilic NOM (26%) was isolated using a variety of selective desalting precipitations. The colloid fraction was characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy as N-acetylamino sugars.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1021/bk-2000-0761.ch005</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>American Chemical Society</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Comprehensive isolation of natural organic matter from water for spectral characterizations and reactivity testing</dc:title>
  <dc:type>text</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>