C. Heliker
D. R. Sherrod
J. P. Kauahikaua
Asta Mikijus
P. G. Okubo
F. A. Trusdell
J. R. Budahn
W.I. Ridley
G.P. Meeker
C.R. Thornber
2003
<p><span>On January 29 30, 1997, prolonged steady-state effusion of lava from Pu'u'O'o was briefly disrupted by shallow extension beneath Napau Crater, 1 4 km uprift of the active </span>Kilauea<span> vent. A 23-h-long eruption (</span>episode<span> </span>54<span>) ensued from fissures that were overlapping or en echelon with eruptive fissures formed during </span>episode<span> 1 in 1983 and those of earlier </span>rift<span> </span>zone<span> eruptions in 1963 and 1968. Combined geophysical and petrologic data for the 1994 1999 eruptive interval, including </span>episode<span> </span>54<span>, reveal a variety of shallow magmatic conditions that persist in association with prolonged </span>rift<span> </span>zone<span> eruption. Near-vent lava samples document a significant range in composition, temperature and crystallinity of pre-eruptive magma. As supported by phenocryst liquid relations and </span>Kilauea<span> mineral thermometers established herein, the </span>rift<span> </span>zone<span> extension that led to </span>episode<span> </span>54<span> resulted in mixture of near-cotectic magma with discrete magma bodies cooled to ≤1100°C. Mixing models indicate that magmas isolated beneath Napau Crater since 1963 and 1968 constituted 32 65% of the hybrid mixtures erupted during </span>episode<span> </span>54<span>. Geophysical measurements support passive displacement of open-system magma along the active </span>east<span> </span>rift<span> conduit into closed-system </span>rift<span>-reservoirs along a shallow </span>zone<span> of extension. Geophysical and petrologic data for early </span>episode<span> 55 document the gradual flushing of </span>episode<span> </span>54<span> related magma during magmatic recharge of the edifice.</span></p>
application/pdf
10.1093/petrology/egg048
en
Oxford Academic
Kilauea east rift zone magmatism: An episode 54 perspective
article