<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>J. B. Ashen</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Julie D. Kirshtein</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Edward R. Landa</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Lisa Reynolds Fogarty</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Mary A. Voytek</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2005</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;This study examines the use of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) as a predictor of the presence of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. A combination of standard culture and molecular techniques were used to detect and quantify FIB,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;from five North American rivers of different size and with different land use characteristics. Primers designed to amplify genes specific to&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;were evaluated for their efficacy in detection and quantification in environmental samples.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. were detected in 18/33 (55%) of river samples.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;was detected in 11/33 (33%) of river samples. FIB were found in 32/33 (96%) of river samples. When FIB abundance exceeded USEPA water quality standards for single samples,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;were detected in 7/15 (47%) cases. No numerical correlation was found between the presence of FIB and either&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. or&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;. This suggests that the presence of FIB will be of limited use for detection of&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;spp. or&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;by public health agencies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.2166/wh.2005.054</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>IWA Publishing</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Detection of Helicobacter pylori and fecal indicator bacteria in five North American rivers.</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>