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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Kevin G. Knauss</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>William H. Langer</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Caldeira Ken</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Greg H. Rau</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2004</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;We evaluate accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL: CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; + CaCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; + H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O=&amp;gt; Ca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt; + 2HCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;) as a low-tech, inexpensive, high-capacity, environmentally-friendly CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; capture and sequestration technology. With access to seawater and limestone being essential to this approach, significant limestone resources are close to most CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;-emitting power plants along the coastal US. Waste fines, representing more than 20% of current US crushed limestone production (&amp;gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt; tonnes/yr), could be used as an inexpensive source of AWL carbonate. Under such circumstances CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; mitigation cost could be as low as $3-$4/tonne. More broadly, 10-20% of US point-source CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; emissions could be treated at $20-$30/tonne CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;. AWL end-solution disposal in the ocean would significantly reduce effects on ocean pH and carbonate chemistry relative to those caused by direct atmospheric or ocean CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; disposal. Indeed, the increase in ocean Ca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt; and bicarbonate offered by AWL should enhance growth of corals and other calcifying marine organisms.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:title>CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mitigation via accelerated limestone weathering</dc:title>
  <dc:type>text</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>