<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>J.M. Eadie</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>M.L. Szymanski</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>J.H. Caswell</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Mark P. Vrtiska</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Andrew H. Raedeke</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>J.M. Checkett</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>A. D. Afton</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>T.G. Moore</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>F. Dale Caswell</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>R. A. Walters</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>D.D. Humburg</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>J.L. Yee</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Joshua T. Ackerman</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2006</dc:date>
  <dc:description>Spinning-wing decoys are strong attractants to ducks and inc rease kill rates over traditional decoying methods. However, it is unknown whether all duck species are attracted similarly to spinning-wing decoys and whether the effectiveness of these decoys changes with latitude. We examined the effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys for 9 species of dabbling ducks during 545 experimental hunts in California (1999-2000), Minnesota (2002), Manitoba (2001-2002), Nebraska (2000-2002), Missouri (2000-2001), and Arkansas (2001-2003). During each experimental hunt, we systematically alternated between 2 paired decoy treatments every 15-30 min (depending on study site): traditional decoys only and traditional decoys with a spinning-wing decoy. Overall, 70.2% (n=1,925) of dabbling ducks were harvested (shot and retrieved) when spinning-wing decoys were turned on, ranging from 63.6% (n=187) in Missouri to 76.4% (n=356) in Minnesota. Effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys increased with latitude of study sites. Proportions of ducks shot when spinning-wing decoys were turned on differed among species, from a low of 50.0% (n=8) for cinnamon teal (Anas cyanoptera) to a high of 79.0% (n=119) for American wigeon (A. americana). The probability of being shot when spinning-wing decoys were turned on increased with annual survival rates among species; for example, spinning-wing decoys were more effective for American wigeon and mallard (A. platyrhynchos) than they were for cinnamon teal and American green-winged teal (A. crecca). Effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys did not differ consistently by age or sex of harvested ducks. Our results indicate that the effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys differs among duck species and changes with latitude; thus, consideration of these effects may be warranted when setting harvest regulations and methods of take.</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[799:EOSDVA]2.0.CO;2</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:title>Effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys varies among dabbling duck species and locations</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>