<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>P. B. Kenney</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>P. M. Mazik</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>R. Kiser</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>J. A. Hankins</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>M. L. Danley</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2005</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Rainbow trout&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Oncorhynchus mykiss&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;(261.6 × 24.7 g initial weight, mean × SEM) at 13.1 × 0.2 C were exposed for 94 d to one of three CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;treatments: control (22.1 × 2.8 mg/L), medium (34.5 × 3.8 mg/L), or high (48.7 × 4.4 mg/L). Trout were checked daily for survival, and fish were sampled at 0, 28, 56, and 84 d for physiological responses, growth, and fillet quality assessments. Trout were also challenged to a 15‐min crowding stress at 93 d to assess their ability to initiate a stress response during hypercapnia. Chronically exposed trout showed nearly 100% survival through 84 d exposure (1 of 1,500 fish died). Growth and physiological results showed that increasing elevated CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;, concentrations result in corresponding decreased growth rates and CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;specific physiological parameters: The medium and high CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;treatments had significantly slower growth and subsequently smaller fish by 84 d. Exposed trout also showed significantly (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;P&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;lt; 0.05) decreased plasma chloride for medium and high CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;treatments compared to the control from 28 through 84 d. Decreased growth and smaller fish in the medium and high CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;treatments resulted in correspondingly smaller fresh and smoked fillet weights. Chronic CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;exposure did not result in notable changes in ultimate muscle pH. Exposure to 15‐min crowding stress at 93 d resulted in significant changes in hematocrit, plasma cortisol, glucose, and chloride for all treatment groups. CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;‐specific changes were detected in hematocrit, plasma cortisol, and plasma chloride responses following the 15‐min crowding stress.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1111/j.1749-7345.2005.tb00329.x</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Wiley</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Effects of carbon dioxide exposure on intensively cultured rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: Physiological responses and fillet attributes</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>