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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Carter T. Atkinson</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Jennifer Raji</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2013</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;div class="page" title="Page 7"&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;This study was initiated to assess the levels of genetic diversity and differentiation in the remaining populations of &lt;i&gt;Phyllostegia stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Melicope zahlbruckneri&lt;/i&gt; in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park and determine the extent of gene flow to identify genetically distinct individuals or groups for conservation purposes. Thirty-six Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphic (AFLP) primer combinations generated a total of 3,242 polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragments in the &lt;i&gt;P. stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; population with a percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) ranging from 39.3 to 65.7% and 2,780 for the &lt;i&gt;M. zahlbruckneri&lt;/i&gt; population with a PPB of 18.8 to 64.6%. Population differentiation (Fst) of AFLP loci between subpopulations of &lt;i&gt;P. stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; was low (0.043) across populations. Analysis of molecular variance of &lt;i&gt;P. stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; showed that 4% of the observed genetic differentiation occurred between populations in different k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ī&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;puka and 96% when individuals were pooled from all k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ī&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;puka. Moderate genetic diversity was detected within the &lt;i&gt;M. zahlbruckneri&lt;/i&gt; population. Bayesian and multivariate analyses both classified the &lt;i&gt;P. stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;M. zahlbruckneri&lt;/i&gt; populations into genetic groups with considerable sub-structuring detected in the &lt;i&gt;P. stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; population. The proportion of genetic differentiation among populations explained by geographical distance was estimated by Mantel tests. No spatial correlation was found between genetic and geographic distances in both populations. Finally, a moderate but significant gene flow that could be attributed to insect or bird-mediated dispersal of pollen across the different k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ī&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;puka was observed. The results of this study highlight the utility of a multi-allelic DNA-based marker in screening a large number of polymorphic loci in small and closely related endangered populations and revealed the presence of genetically unique groups of individuals in both &lt;i&gt;M. zahlbruckneri&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;P. stachyoides&lt;/i&gt; populations. Based on these findings, approaches that can assist conservation efforts of these species are proposed.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>University of Hawi'i at Hilo</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Population genetic structure of rare and endangered plants using molecular markers</dc:title>
  <dc:type>reports</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>