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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Charles N. Alpers</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Christian Bender Koch</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>R. Blaine McCleskey</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Satish B.C. Myneni</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>John M. Neil</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Juraj Majzlan</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2014</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;The Iron Mountain Mine Superfund site in California is a prime example of an acid mine drainage (AMD) system with well developed assemblages of sulfate minerals typical for such settings. Here we present and discuss the vibrational (infrared), X-ray absorption, and M&amp;ouml;ssbauer spectra of a number of these phases, augmented by spectra of a few synthetic sulfates related to the AMD phases. The minerals and related phases studied in this work are (in order of increasing Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/FeO): szomolnokite, rozenite, siderotil, halotrichite, r&amp;ouml;merite, voltaite, copiapite, monoclinic Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&amp;middot;5H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, kornelite, coquimbite, Fe(SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)(OH), jarosite and rhomboclase. Fourier transform infrared spectra in the region 750&amp;ndash;4000&amp;nbsp;cm&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;1&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;are presented for all studied phases. Position of the FTIR bands is discussed in terms of the vibrations of sulfate ions, hydroxyl groups, and water molecules. Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra were collected for selected samples. The feature of greatest interest is a series of weak pre-edge peaks whose position is determined by the number of bridging oxygen atoms between Fe&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;octahedra and sulfate tetrahedra. M&amp;ouml;ssbauer spectra of selected samples were obtained at room temperature and 80&amp;nbsp;K for ferric minerals jarosite and rhomboclase and mixed ferric&amp;ndash;ferrous minerals r&amp;ouml;merite, voltaite, and copiapite. Values of Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;/[Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;+&amp;nbsp;Fe&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;] determined by M&amp;ouml;ssbauer spectroscopy agree well with those determined by wet chemical analysis. The data presented here can be used as standards in spectroscopic work where spectra of well-characterized compounds are required to identify complex mixtures of minerals and related phases.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.008</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>