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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>James L. Kunz</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Jamie P. Hughes</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Ning Wang</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>D. Scott Ireland</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>David R. Mount</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>J. Russell Hockett</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Ted W Valenti</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Christopher G. Ingersoll</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2015</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relative sensitivity of test organisms in exposures to dilutions of a highly toxic sediment contaminated with metals and organic compounds. One dilution series was prepared using control sand (low total organic carbon [TOC; &amp;lt;0.1%, low binding capacity for contaminants]) and a second dilution series was prepared using control sediment from West Bearskin Lake, Minnesota, USA (high TOC [∼10% TOC, higher binding capacity for contaminants]). Test organisms included an amphipod (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Hyalella azteca&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;; 10-d and 28-d exposures), a midge (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Chironomus dilutus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;; 20-d and 48-d exposures started with &amp;lt;1-h-old larvae, and 13-d and 48-d exposures started with 7-d-old larvae), and a unionid mussel (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lampsilis siliquoidea&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;; 28-d exposures). Relative species sensitivity depended on the toxicity endpoint and the diluent. All 3 species were more sensitive in sand dilutions than in West Bearskin Lake sediment dilutions. The &amp;lt;1-h-old &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;C. dilutus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; were more sensitive than 7-d-old &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;C. dilutus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, but replicate variability was high in exposures started with the younger midge larvae. Larval biomass and adult emergence endpoints of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;C. dilutus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; exhibited a similar sensitivity. Survival, weight, and biomass of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H. azteca&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; were more sensitive endpoints in 28-d exposures than in 10-d exposures. Weight and biomass of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;L. siliquoidea&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; were sensitive endpoints in both sand and West Bearskin Lake sediment dilutions. Metals, ammonia, oil, and other organic contaminants may have contributed to the observed toxicity.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1002/etc.2909</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>SETAC </dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Relative sensitivity of an amphipod &lt;i&gt;Hyalella azteca&lt;/i&gt;, a midge &lt;i&gt;Chironomus dilutus&lt;/i&gt;, and a unionid mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea to a toxic sediment</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>