Donald F. Amend Thomas R. Croy 1977 <p><span>Various procedures of hyperosmotic infiltration (HI) and intraperitoneal injection were used to vaccinate sockeye salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus nerka</i><span>) with killed&nbsp;</span><i>Vibrio anguillarum</i><span>. Excellent protection was evident against experimentally induced vibriosis in the groups immunized by HI with 10 &times; Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS), 1 &times; HBSS with 8.0% NaCl and 5.3% NaCl, as well as in the injected groups. Comparisons were made among the various immunization methods by vaccinating fish with ten-fold serial dilutions of bacterin, then challenging them by the water contact method after 6 or 9 weeks. Protection was somewhat better with 10 &times; HBSS than with 5.3% NaCl, and 1 &times; HBSS containing 8.0% NaCl was markedly superior to the vaccination of fish without hyperosmotic treatment. Agglutinin titers did not exceed 1 : 8 in any group.</span></p> application/pdf 10.1016/0044-8486(77)90210-1 en Elsevier Immunization of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) against vibriosis using the hyperosmotic infiltration technique article