Nancy C. Nelson
Cathy A. Smith
Gary A. Wedemeyer
1978
<p><span>Ozone and chlorine inactivation curves were determined in three water types at 10 °C for the fish pathogenic viruses infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPNV). In phosphate-buffered, distilled water (PBDW) an ozone dose of 0.01 mg/L for 30 or 60 s inactivated IHNV or IPNV, respectively, suspended at a tissue culture 50% infective dose (TCID50) of 10</span><sup>4</sup><span>–10</span><sup>5</sup><span>/mL. In hard (120 mg/L as CaCO</span><sub>3</sub><span>) and soft water (30 mg/L) lake waters, an ozone application rate of 70 mg∙h</span><sup>−1</sup><span>∙L</span><sup>−1</sup><span> for 10 min destroyed IHNV. IPNV inactivation in hard water required 90 mg∙O</span><sub>3</sub><span>∙h</span><sup>−1</sup><span>∙L</span><sup>−1</sup><span> for 10 min but only a 30-s contact time in soft water. The IPNV was also somewhat more resistant to chlorine. In PBDW, a residual of 0.1 mg/L with contact times of 30 and 60 s, respectively, destroyed IHNV and IPNV. In soft lake water IHNV was destroyed within 5 min at 0.5 mg/L, while in hard water a 10-min contact time was required. For IPNV disinfection in soft water, 0.2 mg/L for 10 min was sufficient but this chlorine residual had essentially no effect on IPNV in hard water. Increasing this dose to 0.7 mg/L destroyed IPNV in hard water within 2 min. In untreated waters, IPNV was stable for at least 8 wk in either distilled, soft, or hard lake waters. However, IHNV survived only about 2 wk in distilled and 7 wk in the soft or hard lake waters. We suggest the serious consideration of ozone as a fish disease control agent. </span><i>Key words</i><span>: ozone, chlorine disinfection, fish pathogens, viruses</span></p>
application/pdf
10.1139/f78-140
en
NRC Research Press
Survival of the salmonid viruses infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPNV) in ozonated, chlorinated, and Untreated waters
article