Donald R. Schoolmaster Jr.
Deborah Rigby
Jordon Bybee
Tayte Campbell
Bruce A. Roundy
Zachary T. Aanderud
2017
<p><span>To stem wildfires, trees are being mechanically shredded into firebreaks with the resulting fine woody debris (FWD) potentially exerting immense control over soil and plants. We linked FWD-induced changes in microbial activity and nutrient availability to the frequency of </span><i>Bromus tectorum</i><span> and three native, perennial grasses across 31 piñon-juniper woodlands, UT, USA. Using a series of mixed models, we found that FWD increased the frequency of three of the four grasses by at least 12%. Deep, as opposed to shallow, soils mediated frequencies following FWD additions but only partially explained the variation in </span><i>Bromus</i><span> and </span><i>Pseudoroegneria spicata</i><span>. Although fertile areas associated with tree-islands elicited no response, FWD-induced increases in nitrogen mineralization in deep soils (15–17 cm) caused the frequency of the exotic and </span><i>Pseudoroegneria</i><span> to rise. Higher phosphorus availability in FWD-covered surface soils (0–2 cm) had no impact on grasses. FWD altered deep soil respiration, and deep and shallow microbial biomass structuring </span><i>Pseudoroegneria</i><span> frequencies, suggesting that microorganism themselves regulated </span><i>Pseudoroegneria</i><span>. The positive effects of FWD on grass frequencies intensified over time for natives but diminished for </span><i>Bromus</i><span>. Our results demonstrate that microorganisms in deeper soils helped mediate species-specific responses to disturbance both facilitating exotic invasion and promoting native establishment.</span></p>
application/pdf
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.11.002
en
Elsevier
Soils mediate the impact of fine woody debris on invasive and native grasses as whole trees are mechanically shredded into firebreaks in piñon-juniper woodlands
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