Rowan W. Gould Wally S. Zaugg Lee W. Harrell Conrad Mahnken Stanley D. Smith 1995 <p><span>Standard potassium permanganate treatment (2 mg KMnO</span>₄<span>/L freshwater for 1 h on three consecutive days) was applied to presmolts (parr) and smolts of fall chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>). Smoltification was determined by gill Na</span>⁺<span>,K</span>⁺<span>-ATPase activity. Treatments were conducted 73, 59, 45, 31, 16, and 2 d prior to full-strength seawater entry in aquaria. Potassium permanganate did not affect either growth or survival in seawater over 25 d. We observed a delayed rise in gill Na</span>⁺<span>,K</span>⁺<span>-ATPase activity in fish treated 16 d prior to seawater entry.</span></p> application/pdf 10.1577/1548-8640(1995)057<0102:PDTWPP>2.3.CO;2 en Taylor & Francis Prerelease disease treatment with potassium permanganate for Fall Chinook salmon smolts article