<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Daniel T. Castleberry</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Todd E. Hopkins</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Joseph J. Cech Jr.</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>1994</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In vitro blood O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; equilibrium curves were constructed at 9, 15, 18, and 21 °C from temperature-acclimated northern squawfish, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Ptychocheilus oregonensis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;. At low &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="NLM_inline-graphic"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-003/production/images/medium/f94-003c1.gif" alt="" data-mce-src="http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-003/production/images/medium/f94-003c1.gif"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; (&amp;lt;1 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 133.32 Pa), &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;s generally showed variable increases with temperature from 3.6 mm Hg at 9 °C to 8.7 mm Hg at 21 °C, leading to whole-blood temperature effects (Δ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, kilocalories per mole O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;) ranging from a low +4.4 at 15–18 °C to a peak −21.2 at 18–21 °C. High-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="NLM_inline-graphic"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-003/production/images/medium/f94-003c2.gif" alt="" data-mce-src="http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-003/production/images/medium/f94-003c2.gif"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; (7.6 mm Hg) conditions decreased blood pH and increased P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;s at each temperature (Bohr factor). Bohr factors (Φ) ranged from −0.46 at 21 °C to −0.70 at 18 °C. Considered together, Δ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt; and Φ values suggest an optimal temperature range of 15–18 °C for hemoglobin O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; loading and unloading in northern squawfish. Nonbicarbonate buffer values ranged from −10.04 at 21 °C to −14.13 at 9 °C. Overall, the high O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; affinities and hyperbolic blood O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; equilibrium curves of northern squawfish resemble those of other large cyprinids (e.g., common carp, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cyprinus carpio&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, tench, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Tinca tinca&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Sacramento blackfish, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Orthodon microlepidotus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;) indicating a better ability to tolerate hypoxic environments than sympatric rainbow trout, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Oncorhynchus mykiss&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;. High northern squawfish blood O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; capacities and Φs suggest high aerobic capacity, especially at temperatures &amp;lt;21 °C.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1139/f94-003</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>NRC Research Press</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Temperature and CO2 Effects on Blood O2 Equilibria in Northern Squawfish, Ptychocheilus oregonensis</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>