Dirk V. Derksen Sergei Kharitonov Mikhail Stishov Vasily V. Baranyuk David H. Ward 1993 <div>Abundance, distribution, and habitat selection of breeding and moulting Pacific Black Brant were studied on Wrangel Island in 1989-91. &nbsp;Two nests and &lt;10 family flocks of Brant were found during ground searches in previously known nesting areas. &nbsp;The breeding population has declined from 1000-2000 pairs to probably &lt;100 pairs. &nbsp;An estimated 4200 &nbsp;50 (Cl) moulting Brant were counted during the first aerial and photographic survey of the island in 1990. &nbsp;This population includes moult migrants from Alaska and mainland Russia. &nbsp;Most (67%) of the moulting flocks were concentrated in freshwater lakes and usually within 2 km of the coast. &nbsp;Lakes with low relief shorelines and adjacent preferred grasses were important habitats used by moulting birds. &nbsp;Breeding and moulting populations of Wrangel Island Brant are dependent on Izembek Lagoon Alaska, in autumn and disperse over the rest of eastern Pacific Flyway in winter and spring.</div> application/pdf en Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Status of Pacific Black Brant <i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i> on Wrangel Island, Russian Federation article