Dennis Higgs Thomas R. Binder J. Ellen Marsden Tyler John Buchinger Linnea Brege Tyler Bruning Steve A. Farha Charles C. Krueger Nicholas S. Johnson 2018 <p><span>Two sounds associated with spawning lake trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>) in lakes Huron and Champlain were characterized by comparing sound recordings to behavioral data collected using acoustic telemetry and video. These sounds were named growls and snaps, and were heard on lake trout spawning reefs, but not on a non-spawning reef, and were more common at night than during the day. Growls also occurred more often during the spawning period than the pre-spawning period, while the trend for snaps was reversed. In a laboratory flume, sounds occurred when male lake trout were displaying spawning behaviors; growls when males were quivering and parallel swimming, and snaps when males moved their jaw. Combining our results with the observation of possible sound production by spawning splake (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i> × <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> hybrid), provides rare evidence for spawning-related sound production by a salmonid, or any other fish in the superorder Protacanthopterygii. Further characterization of these sounds could be useful for lake trout assessment, restoration, and control.</span></p> application/pdf 10.1139/cjfas-2016-0511 en NRC Research Press Evidence of sound production by spawning lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in lakes Huron and Champlain article