<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Evgeny A. Bragin</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Alexander E. Bragin</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Michael J. McGrady</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Tricia A. Miller</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Keith L. Bildstein</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Todd E. Katzner</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2016</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Capsule:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Red-footed Falcons&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Falco vespertinus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;migrating from northern Kazakhstan proceed west before heading south to Africa; their northbound travel follows a different route with passage close to shooting hotspots in the Mediterranean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;To use tracking and ringing data to document for the first time the migration of globally threatened Red-footed Falcons from northern Kazakhstan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Light-level geolocators were deployed on breeding adults in Kazakhstan and recovered one year later. Ringing and observational data from more than 100 years of Russian-language and other literature were summarized and mapped alongside the geolocator data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Geolocator, ringing and observational data together demonstrate that Red-footed Falcons from northern Kazakhstan have a clockwise loop migration that begins with a long and unusual westward trek around eastern Europe’s large inland seas before continuing to extreme southern Africa. Return migration is farther west and requires crossing two major migratory barriers: the Sahara and the Mediterranean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;The loop migration we describe requires an extensive longitudinal movement, exposes central Asian Red-footed Falcons to multiple desert, mountain and marine crossings, and, at outbound and return Mediterranean bottlenecks, crosses sites where raptor shooting is common.&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1080/00063657.2016.1214107</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Taylor &amp; Francis</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Unusual clockwise loop migration lengthens travel distances and increases potential risks for a central Asian, long distance, trans-equatorial migrant, the Red-footed Falcon &lt;i&gt;Falco vespertinus&lt;/i&gt;</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>