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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Yahya C. Kurama</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Erol Kalkan</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Alexandros A. Taflanidis</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Andrew P. O’Donnell</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2017</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;This paper experimentally evaluates four methods to scale earthquake ground-motions within an ensemble of records to minimize the statistical dispersion and maximize the accuracy in the dynamic peak roof drift demand and peak inter-story drift demand estimates from response-history analyses of nonlinear building structures. The scaling methods that are investigated are based on: (1) ASCE/SEI 7–10 guidelines; (2) spectral acceleration at the fundamental (first mode) period of the structure,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;); (3) maximum incremental velocity,&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;MIV&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;; and (4) modal pushover analysis. A total of 720 shake-table tests of four small-scale nonlinear building frame specimens with different static and dynamic characteristics are conducted. The peak displacement demands from full suites of 36 near-fault ground-motion records as well as from smaller “unbiased” and “biased” design subsets (bins) of ground-motions are included. Out of the four scaling methods, ground-motions scaled to the median&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;MIV&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;of the ensemble resulted in the smallest dispersion in the peak roof and inter-story drift demands. Scaling based on&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;MIV&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;also provided the most accurate median demands as compared with the “benchmark” demands for structures with greater nonlinearity; however, this accuracy was reduced for structures exhibiting reduced nonlinearity. The modal pushover-based scaling (MPS) procedure was the only method to conservatively overestimate the median drift demands.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1007/s10518-016-0052-z</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Springer</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Experimental evaluation of four ground-motion scaling methods for dynamic response-history analysis of nonlinear structures</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>