J. H. Chandler Jr. L. L. Marking 1981 <p>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) has supported research on control methods for nuisance birds, mammals, plants, and fish. Although chemical agents have shown great promise, resource managers and regulatory agencies must be assured that these materials are safe to man and the environment. Standardized toxicity tests are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of candidate compounds on target organisms and their safety to nontarget organisms (LENNON 1967). </p> application/pdf 10.1007/BF01622160 en Springer Toxicity of six bird control chemicals to aquatic organisms article