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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Jorge Hernandez</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Veronica Tyrlov</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Brian D. Uher-Koch</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Joel A. Schmutz</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Clara Atterby</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Josef D. Jarhult</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Jonas Bonnedahl</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Andrew M. Ramey</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2018</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;We explored the abundance of antibiotic-resistant&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;among migratory birds at remote sites in Alaska and used a comparative approach to speculate on plausible explanations for differences in detection among species. At a remote island site, we detected antibiotic-resistant&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;phenotypes in samples collected from glaucous-winged gulls (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;Larus glaucescens&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;), a species often associated with foraging at landfills, but not in samples collected from black-legged kittiwakes (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;Rissa tridactyla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;), a more pelagic gull that typically inhabits remote areas year-round. We did not find evidence for antibiotic-resistant&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;among 347 samples collected primarily from waterfowl at a second remote site in western Alaska. Our results provide evidence that glaucous-winged gulls may be more likely to be infected with antibiotic-resistant&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;at remote breeding sites as compared to sympatric black-legged kittiwakes. This could be a function of the tendency of glaucous-winged gulls to forage at landfills where antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections may be acquired and subsequently dispersed. The low overall detection of antibiotic-resistant&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i class="EmphasisTypeItalic "&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;in migratory birds sampled at remote sites in Alaska is consistent with the premise that anthropogenic inputs into the local environment or the relative lack thereof influences the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among birds inhabiting the area.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1007/s10393-017-1302-5</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Springer</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in migratory birds inhabiting remote Alaska</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>