<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Ryan P. Maki</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Jaime F. LeDuc</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Victoria G. Christensen</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2018</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Following dam installations in the remote Rainy Lake Basin during the early 1900s,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;level&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;fluctuations were considered extreme (1914–1949) compared to more natural conditions. In 1949, the International Joint Commission (IJC), which sets rules governing dam operation on&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;waters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;shared by the United States and Canada, established the first rule curves to&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;regulate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;levels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;on these waterbodies. However, rule curves established prior to 2000 were determined to be detrimental to the ecosystem. Therefore, the IJC implemented an order in 2000 to change rule curves and to restore a more natural&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;regime. After 2000, measured chlorophyll-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;concentrations in the two most eutrophic&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bodies decreased whereas concentrations in oligotrophic lakes did not show significant&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;quality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;differences. Fish mercury data were inconclusive, due to the variation in&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;water&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="single_highlight_class" onclick="highlight()"&gt;levels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;and fish mercury concentrations, but can be used by the IJC as part of a long term data set.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1061/9780784481394.017</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>ASCE</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Voyageurs National Park: Water-level regulation and effects on water quality and aquatic biology</dc:title>
  <dc:type>text</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>