D.H. Richter James G. Moore 1962 <p><span>Well-developed lava tree molds were formed during the September 1961 eruption along the east rift zone of Kilauea Volcano. The upright molds were produced where fluid lava, flowing through dense tropical forest, became chilled against the larger trees and tree ferns and later drained away. Where the lava ponded temporarily in a structural valley, tree molds more than 14 feet high mark the high level attained by the flow.</span></p> application/pdf 10.1130/0016-7606(1962)73[1153:LTMOTS]2.0.CO;2 en GSA Lava tree molds of the September 1961 eruption, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii article