<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>John A. Tix</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Justin R. Smerud</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Aaron R. Cupp</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Kim T. Fredricks</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2020</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Few effective strategies are available to control invasive crayfishes. Carbon dioxide (CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;) acts as a behavioral deterrent for invasive fishes and could be a useful crayfish control tool. The objective of this laboratory study was to quantify CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;concentrations that caused red swamp crayfish (RSC;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Procambarus clarkii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;) and rusty crayfish (RYC;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Faxonius rusticus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;) avoidance behavior, altered emergence behavior, and caused loss of equilibrium. Behavioral endpoints were quantified under light and dark conditions and at 10 and 24 °C. Avoidance responses from both species varied widely. Under light conditions, 35 mg/L CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;was needed to induce the first avoidance shuttle in both crayfish species at 10 °C. CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;concentrations of 42 mg/L for RYC and 46 mg/L for RSC were required for first shuttle at 24 °C. The first avoidance shuttle was induced at 37 mg/L CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;for RYC and 54 mg/L CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;for RSC at 10 °C in the dark. At 24 °C, 44 mg/L CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;was required for first shuttle for both species. Less CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;was needed to cause the last avoidance shuttle in RYC compared to RSC at both temperatures and under both lighting conditions. RSC emergence occurred at 418 ± 77 mg/L CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;, and loss of equilibrium occurred for both species at 1,231 ± 201 mg/L CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;. RYC appeared to be more sensitive than RSC to CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;, but behavior did not differ among light and water temperature treatments. These results demonstrate that CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;alters crayfish behavior. The CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;concentrations identified during this study may inform field testing to develop CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;as a potential control tool for invasive crayfishes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.3391/mbi.2020.11.2.06</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>REABIC</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Laboratory trials to evaluate carbon dioxide as a potential behavioral control method for invasive red swamp (Procambarus clarkii) and rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus)</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>