Timothy J Parker J Balaram T Tzanetos L. H. Matthies C D Edwards Aaron Freeman S Withrow-Maser W. Carter Johnson E Amador-French Janice L. Bishop Ingrid J. Daubar Colin M. Dundas Abigail A. Fraeman Christopher W. Hamilton C. Hardgrove Briony H. N. Horgan C. W. Leung Y. Lin A Mittelholz B. P. Weiss Jonathan Bapst 2021 This whitepaper describes two conceptual vehicle designs, including possible tradeoffs within those designs, which would enable a wide array of innovative science investigations. In addition to describing vehicle capabilities, flight characteristics, and the breadth of enabled science for the two helicopter designs, we also introduce three mission concepts that showcase investigations made possible by MSH. We conclude with recommendations concerning the future of rotorcraft exploration at Mars. application/pdf 10.3847/25c2cfeb.a126aea0 en National Academy of Sciences Mars science helicopter: Compelling science enabled by an aerial platform reports