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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>X. R. Shih</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>G. Lucas</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Benjamin Scott Murphy</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Anna Kelbert</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>J.B.H. Baker</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>E. Joshua Rigler</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Paul A. Bedrosian</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>M. D. Hartinger</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2020</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;div class="article-section__content en main"&gt;&lt;p&gt;Geomagnetic perturbations (&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) related to magnetospheric ultralow frequency (ULF) waves induce electric fields within the conductive Earth—geoelectric fields (&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)—that in turn drive geomagnetically induced currents. Though numerous past studies have examined ULF wave&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;from a space weather perspective, few studies have linked ULF waves with&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Using recently available magnetotelluric impedance and&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;measurements in the contiguous United States, we explore the relationship between ULF waves and&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. We use satellite, ground‐based radar,&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;measurements in a case study of a plasmaspheric virtual resonance (PVR), demonstrating that the PVR&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;has significant spatial variation in contrast to a relatively uniform&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, consistent with spatially varying Earth conductivity. We further show ULF wave&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;measurements during two moderate storms of&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;∼&lt;/span&gt;1 V/km. We use both results to highlight the need for more research characterizing ULF wave&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1029/2020GL089441</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>American Geophysical Union</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Simultaneous observations of geoelectric and geomagnetic ﬁelds produced by magnetospheric ULF waves</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>