<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Jackson K. Odum</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Stephen H. Hartzell</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Alena L. Leeds</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Robert Williams</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>William J. Stephenson</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2021</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;We analyze multimethod shear (SH)‐wave velocity (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;⁠&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) site characterization data acquired at three permanent and 25 temporary seismograph stations in Oklahoma that recorded&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;4+ earthquakes within a 50&amp;nbsp;km hypocentral distance of at least one of the 2016&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;5.1 Fairview,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;5.8 Pawnee, or&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;5.0 Cushing earthquakes to better constrain earthquake ground‐motion modeling in the region. We acquired active‐source seismic data for time‐averaged &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;to 30 m depth (&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;30&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-11" class="math"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-12" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-13" class="msub"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-15" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-17" class="mn"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;) at 28 seismograph stations near the Fairview, Pawnee, and Cushing epicentral areas. The SH‐wave refraction travel times coupled with Rayleigh‐ and Love‐wave phase velocity dispersion were extracted and modeled in a nonlinear least‐squares (L2) joint inversion to obtain a best‐fit 1D &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;versus depth profile for each site. At a subset of sites where the preferred L2 inverse model did not optimally fit each of the Love, Rayleigh, and SH travel‐time datasets, we explore application of simulated annealing in a joint inversion to find a more global solution. &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;30&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;values range from 262 to&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mn xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;807&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&amp;amp;#x2009;&amp;amp;#x2009;&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mi xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; mathvariant=&amp;quot;normal&amp;quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; mathvariant=&amp;quot;normal&amp;quot;&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-30" class="math"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-31" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-32" class="mn"&gt;807&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-33" class="mtext"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-34" class="mi"&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-35" class="mo"&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-36" class="mi"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;for the preferred measured (in situ) &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;profiles, or National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site class D to B, and are broadly comparable with estimates from previous data reports in the region. Site amplification estimates were calculated next from 1D SH transfer functions of the preferred&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-8-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-42" class="math"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-43" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-44" class="msub"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-45" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-46" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML"&gt;VS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;profiles and then compared against observed horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratios (HVSRs) from nearby seismograph stations. We generally see good agreement between the predicted in situ model and the observed HVSR resonant frequencies, with nominal amplifications between 2 and 10 within the 2–15&amp;nbsp;Hz frequency band. Next, using 40 known in situ &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-9-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;30&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;measurements in the region, we demonstrate that the in situ &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-10-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;30&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML"&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;values improve the fit for selected suites of ground‐motion models (GMMs) for&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;4+ earthquakes within a 50&amp;nbsp;km hypocentral distance when compared with proxy methods, arguing for future development of GMMs implementing in situ &lt;span class="inline-formula no-formula-id"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&amp;quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;msub xmlns=&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="mrow"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-3" class="msub"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mi"&gt;V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-5" class="mi"&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;profiles.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1785/0120200348</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Geological Society of America</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Shear-wave velocity site characterization in Oklahoma from joint inversion of multi-method surface seismic measurements: Implications for central U.S. Ground Motion Prediction</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>