<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:creator>Richard L. Konizeski</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>1961</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;basin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;lies west of the Continental Divide in the northern part of the Rocky Mountain physiographic province. Numerous minor environmental differences exist between the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;area and the Pipestone Springs and Canyon Ferry areas east of the Divide. In the 19th century, however, the three areas had identical mammalian species representation, although not equally dense populations. Fossils of an&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;early&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Oligocene&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;biota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;have been collected from the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;basin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Presence of all but one of the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;mammalian species in the Pipestone Springs-Canyon Ferry&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;early&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Oligocene&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;fauna suggests that the three ancient ecosystems resembled each other in much the same way as the 19th century systems. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;early&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Oligocene&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;deposits and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;biota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;of the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;basin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;indicate a moist, temperate climate with seasonal variations. Sediment size and distribution suggest that the cross-valley relief was no greater than it is now. The fish and invertebrate faunas show that a shallow, hard-water lake existed in the area. The flora included a lowland, lake-border association and an upland coniferous forest. Although the ancient&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;biota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;doubtless included many species not represented in the fossil collections, most of the mammalian species are probably represented in the combined&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Douglass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="ScopusTermHighlight"&gt;Creek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Pipestone Springs, and Canyon Ferry fossil assemblages. If so, the number of mammalian species was about the same as in the 19th century ecosystem.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1633:POAEOB]2.0.CO;2</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Geological Society of America</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Paleoecology of an early oligocene biota from Douglass Creek Basin, Montana</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>